Scientists are rapidly developing synthetic gene drive elements intended for release into natural populations. These are intended to control or eradicate disease vectors and pests, or to spread useful traits through wild populations for disease control or conservation purposes. However, a crucial problem for gene drives is the evolution of resistance against them, preventing their spread. Understanding the mechanisms by which populations might evolve resistance is essential for engineering effective gene drive systems. This review summarizes our current knowledge of drive resistance in both natural and synthetic gene drives. We explore how insights from naturally occurring and synthetic drive systems can be integrated to improve the design of gene drives, better predict the outcome of releases and understand genomic conflict in general.

中文翻译：

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对天然和合成基因驱动系统的抵抗力

科学家们正在迅速开发合成基因驱动元件，旨在释放到自然种群中。这些旨在控制或根除病媒和害虫，或通过野生种群传播有用的性状，以达到疾病控制或保护的目的。然而，基因驱动的一个关键问题是对它们的抵抗力的进化，从而阻止它们的传播。了解种群可能进化出抗性的机制对于设计有效的基因驱动系统至关重要。这篇综述总结了我们目前对天然和合成基因驱动的驱动抗性的了解。我们探索如何整合来自自然发生和合成驱动系统的见解，以改进基因驱动的设计，更好地预测释放结果并总体了解基因组冲突。