The use of microbial bioinoculants for managing plant diseases and promoting plant growth is an effective alternative approach to integrated farming. One of the devastating phytopathogens is Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. It is an omnipresent fungus infecting more than 500 plant species. It causes charcoal rot disease in soybean leading to 30-50% yield loss. Soybean Glycine max (L.) oil seed crop produced globally is highly susceptible to M. phaseolina. India is the fifth largest producer of soybean in the world. Madhya Pradesh is the largest soybean-producing state in India; Around 70% yield loss of soybean is accounted to M. phaseolina infection in India. Control of charcoal rot is the requisite of the current situation. Chemical control is not feasible due to saprophytic nature and prolonged survival of Macrophomina phaseolina. Chemical fungicides are expensive, toxic, hazardous, and cause pollution. Biological control is an effective approach to control this devastating fungus. The rhizosphere of soil is rich in beneficial microflora competent to suppress plant pathogens and also promote plant growth. PGPR have well-developed mechanisms that impart antagonistic traits to them. PGPR produces various antifungal metabolites siderophores and HCN which inhibit fungal growth, and can be used as potent BCA. Pseudomonas and Bacillus species have been reported effective against M. phaseolina. The mechanisms and antifungal compounds produced by these bacteria to control charcoal rot can be studied extensively. BCA or the metabolites secreted by them have the potential to develop effective bioformulations for soybean at the commercial level for sustainable agriculture.

中文翻译：

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油料作物大豆根际微生物群落生物防治植物病原菌菜豆的各个方面


使用微生物生物接种剂来控制植物病害和促进植物生长是综合农业的有效替代方法。毁灭性植物病原体之一是Macrophhomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid。它是一种无所不在的真菌，​​感染 500 多种植物。它会引起大豆炭腐病，导致 30-50% 的产量损失。全球生产的大豆油料种子作物对 M. Phaseolina 高度敏感。印度是世界第五大大豆生产国。中央邦是印度最大的大豆生产邦；印度约 70% 的大豆产量损失是由菜豆感染造成的。控制炭腐病是当前形势的必然要求。由于腐生性质和Macrophhomina Phaseolina 的存活时间较长，化学防治是不可行的。化学杀菌剂价格昂贵、有毒、有害、造成污染。生物防治是控制这种毁灭性真菌的有效方法。土壤根际富含有益微生物群，能够抑制植物病原体并促进植物生长。 PGPR 具有完善的机制，可以赋予它们对抗性特征。 PGPR 产生多种抗真菌代谢物铁载体和 HCN，抑制真菌生长，可用作有效的 BCA。据报道，假单胞菌属和芽孢杆菌属可有效对抗 M. Phaseolina。这些细菌控制木炭腐烂的机制和产生的抗真菌化合物可以进行广泛的研究。 BCA 或其分泌的代谢物有潜力在商业水平上开发有效的大豆生物制剂，以实现可持续农业。