End-of-life tires are an increasingly important environmental burden. Since retreading is only partly possible, safe and economic methods of disposal need to be developed. Pyrolysis of ELTs, and subsequent upgrading/application of the produced energy carriers, is considered a valuable treatment method. In order to design the process, numerous operation units have to be taken into account. Char, vapour and gas are formed in the reactor. The char is purified from ZnO with a leaching process. The pyrolysis vapour is separated into a condensable fraction (oil) and a non-condensable fraction (gas) thanks to a cross-flow condenser with air as indirect cooling medium. The remaining gas is compressed to 6 bar: a part of it is continuously converted in electricity for process use, while another part is stored for power generation at peak demand time. A flowsheet of the process is established and environmental and assessment of investments and production are discussed. For the pyrolytic treatment of 3 ton/hr of ELTs, the required heat for the reactor is 271 kW at 380 °C, provided by electrical heating elements. A reactor volume is determined for a residence time of about 6 h. For the cross-flow condenser, indirectly air-cooled, a heat-transfer area of about 13.2 m2 is required. The compression of the gas the pressurized pyrolytic gas storage tank depends upon the excess pyrolytic gas produced during operation. The char cooler requires a heat-transfer area of 10.2 m2, when indirectly cooled by water. Operating parameters of the leaching and subsequent recovery of Zn2+ complete the design. The product added-value and the large-scale capacity make the process economically viable, although the ROI is between 2 and 3 years.

中文翻译：

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从报废轮胎到可存储的能量载体。

报废轮胎是日益重要的环境负担。由于翻新仅是部分可能的，因此需要开发安全，经济的处置方法。ELT的热解以及随后生产的能量载体的升级/应用被认为是一种有价值的处理方法。为了设计过程，必须考虑许多操作单元。在反应器中形成焦炭，蒸气和气体。炭通过浸出工艺从ZnO中纯化出来。由于采用以空气为间接冷却介质的错流式冷凝器，热解蒸气被分为可冷凝馏分（油）和不可冷凝馏分（气体）。剩余的气体被压缩到6 bar：其中一部分被连续转换为电力供过程使用，而另一部分则被存储以在需求高峰时发电。建立了该过程的流程图，并讨论了环境以及对投资和生产的评估。对于3吨/小时的ELT进行热解处理，反应器所需的热量在380°C时为271 kW，由电加热元件提供。确定反应器体积约6小时的停留时间。对于间接空气冷却的错流冷凝器，传热面积约为13.2平方米。加压热解气体储存罐中气体的压缩取决于运行期间产生的过量热解气体。当由水间接冷却时，炭冷却器需要传热面积为10.2平方米。Zn2 +的浸出和随后回收的操作参数完成了设计。产品附加值和大规模生产使该过程在经济上可行，