Thermal and concentrated solar solid-state converters are devices with no moving parts, corresponding to long lifetimes, limited necessity of maintenance, and scalability. Among the solid-state converters, the thermionic-based devices are attracting an increasing interest in the specific growing sector of energy conversion performed at high-temperature. During the last ten years, hybrid thermionic-based concepts, conceived to cover operating temperatures up to 2000 °C, have been intensively developed. In this Review, the thermionic-thermoelectric, photon-enhanced thermionic emission, thermionic-photovoltaic energy converters are extensively discussed. The design and development processes as well as the tailoring of the properties of nanostructured materials performed by the authors are comprehensively described, and compared with the advances achieved by the international scientific community.

中文翻译：

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用于基于热离子的太阳能和热能转换器的新概念和纳米结构材料

热和聚光太阳能固态转换器是没有移动部件的设备，对应于长寿命、有限的维护必要性和可扩展性。在固态转换器中，基于热离子的器件在高温下进行的特定增长的能量转换领域引起了越来越多的兴趣。在过去的十年中，基于混合热离子的概念得到了深入的开发，旨在覆盖高达 2000 °C 的工作温度。在这篇综述中，广泛讨论了热电子-热电、光子增强热电子发射、热电子-光伏能量转换器。全面描述了作者进行的纳米结构材料的设计和开发过程以及对性能的定制，