Abstract

The goal of this study was to psychometrically evaluate the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), a popular self-report questionnaire claimed to assess the most important subjective aspects of interoception. We collected data in two samples (N = 644 and N = 1,516) and focused on the factor structure and validity of MAIA, as well as its associations with personality traits. Confirmatory Factor Analysis suggested that six of the eight subscales measure a common general factor of self-reported interoception; two MAIA subscales, Not-Worrying and Not-Distracting were only weakly related to this factor. Whereas the general factor correlated strongly with a measure of perceived attentiveness to normal nonemotive body processes, and moderately with Extraversion, Openness and Conscientiousness, the Not-Worrying factor showed moderate to strong negative correlations with Emotionality, pain catastrophization, and anxiety-related aspects of body focus. Not-Distracting was only weakly associated with the validating scales. Overall, these findings do not support the claimed eight-factor structure of the MAIA but indicate the existence of an overarching general factor. Additionally, this study provides evidence that interoceptive awareness, as measured by the MAIA, is related to, but distinct from personality.

摘要

本研究的目的是从心理测量学上评估内感受意识的多维评估（MAIA），这是一种流行的自我报告问卷，声称可以评估内感受最重要的主观方面。我们收集了两个样本（N = 644 和 N = 1,516）的数据，重点关注 MAIA 的因素结构和有效性，以及它与人格特征的关联。验证性因素分析表明，八个子量表中的六个测量自我报告的内感受的共同一般因素；两个 MAIA 分量表，不担心和不分心只与这个因素微弱相关。一般因素与感知到的对正常非动机身体过程的关注程度密切相关，与外向性、开放性和责任心中等程度相关，而“不担心”因素与情绪、疼痛灾难化和焦虑相关方面表现出中度至强烈的负相关。身体重点。不分心仅与验证量表微弱相关。总的来说，这些发现不支持 MAIA 声称的八因素结构，但表明存在一个总体因素。此外，这项研究提供的证据表明，由 MAIA 衡量的内感受意识与人格有关，但与人格不同。