Serum concentrations of magnesium and manganese may be associated with increased chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation risk. However, associations with other aspects of asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap, pulmonary function test results and health status, have been studied less extensively. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between serum concentrations of trace elements and T lymphocyte subsets, FeNO, and COPD-related questionnaire scores in individuals with ACO and the potential impact of these parameters on lung function. All the patients met the diagnostic criteria of ACO and were divided into two groups (group A, mild-moderate; group B, severe-very severe) by their specific characteristics. Pulmonary function testing and serum Mg and serum Mn and FeNO were measured. Four hundred sixty-five patients were screened, and 42 were included. Group A had significantly higher Mg and Fe concentrations than group B. No significant differences were seen in the serum concentration of any other trace element between the two groups. Serum Mg and Mn were correlated with FEV1% predicted (p < 0.01). Group A had a significantly higher FeNO concentration than group B (p = 0.005). The scores on CAT (p = 0.011) and mMRC (p = 0.008) in group A were lower than in group B. The low-FeNO group had a significantly lower concentration of serum Mg than the high-FeNO group (p = 0.03). Pulmonary function declined faster (p < 0.05) in the low-FeNO group than the high-FeNO group. Serum Mg concentration may indicate protective effects against lung function loss in ACO. This implies that FeNO might be a biomarker for identifying individuals with ACO who might benefit from inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Serum Mg and FeNO were associated with ACO severity. However, their role in guiding personalised treatment of individuals with ACO needs to be further investigated.

中文翻译：

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血清镁和呼出的一氧化氮分数与哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺疾病重叠严重程度的关系。

血清镁和锰浓度可能与慢性阻塞性肺疾病恶化风险增加有关。然而，与哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺疾病重叠、肺功能检查结果和健康状况等其他方面的关联研究较少。本研究的目的是调查 ACO 患者的血清微量元素浓度与 T 淋巴细胞亚群、FeNO 和 COPD 相关问卷评分之间的关​​联，以及这些参数对肺功能的潜在影响。所有患者均符合ACO的诊断标准，并根据其具体特征分为两组（A组，轻度-中度；B组，重度-极重度）。肺功能测试和血清镁和血清锰和铁氧化铁被测量。筛选了 465 名患者，其中包括 42 名。A 组的 Mg 和 Fe 浓度显着高于 B 组。两组之间任何其他微量元素的血清浓度均无显着差异。血清镁和锰与 FEV1% 预测相关（p < 0.01）。A 组的 FeNO 浓度明显高于 B 组（p = 0.005）。A组CAT（p = 0.011）和mMRC（p = 0.008）评分低于B组。低FeNO组血清Mg浓度显着低于高FeNO组（p = 0.03） . 与高 FeNO 组相比，低 FeNO 组的肺功能下降更快（p < 0.05）。血清镁浓度可能表明对 ACO 肺功能丧失的保护作用。这意味着 FeNO 可能是识别可能受益于吸入皮质类固醇治疗的 ACO 个体的生物标志物。血清 Mg 和 FeNO 与 ACO 严重程度相关。然而，它们在指导 ACO 个体个性化治疗方面的作用需要进一步研究。