Black bloom is a worldwide environmental problem. Sediment microbes play important roles in the process of black bloom. The dynamic change of sedimental microbial community and their potential link between taste and odor compounds during black bloom was investigated in an in situ black bloom enclosure simulation experiment. Through high-throughput sequencing and analysis, pronounced shifts of sedimental microbial community were observed on the 3rd and 7th day in the black bloom group. Microbes in Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, and Actinobacteria were obviously increased, while microbes from the phyla OP8, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria were decreased significantly. RDA analysis revealed that the concentrations of chlorophyll a (Chla), total phosphorus (TP), and turbidity (NTU) in the water and the TP, TN concentrations in the sediment were the main environmental factors that affect the microbial community in the sediment. Correlation analysis revealed that microbes Dechloromonas sp. (OTU003567 and OTU000093), Desulfococcus sp. (OTU000911), Chromatiaceae (OTU001222), and Methanosaeta sp. (OTU004809) were positively correlated with the taste and odor substances in the sediment, such as dimethyl sulfide (DMS), β-ionone, β-cyclocitral and geosmin. The sedimental microbial community gradually recovered in the late phase of black bloom, indicating the stability and self-recovery ability of the sedimental microbial community during black bloom. Noteworthily, we observed many possible pathogens increased significantly during the black bloom, which alerts us to keep away from contaminated sediment when black bloom occurred.

黑色绽放是一个全球性的环境问题。沉积物微生物在黑花过程中起着重要作用。通过原位黑水华模拟实验，研究了黑水华期间沉积微生物群落的动态变化及其在味觉和气味化合物之间的潜在联系。通过高通量测序和分析，黑水华组在第3天和第7天观察到沉积微生物群落的明显变化。蓝细菌，疣状微生物，扁平菌和放线菌中的微生物明显增加，而门类OP8，绿弯曲菌和酸性细菌中的微生物则明显减少。RDA分析显示，水和TP中的叶绿素a（Chla），总磷（TP）和浊度（NTU）的浓度，沉积物中总氮的含量是影响沉积物中微生物群落的主要环境因素。相关分析表明，微生物脱氯SP 。（OTU003567和OTU000093），Desulfococcus SP。（OTU000911），Chromatiaceae（OTU001222），和Methanosaeta SP。（OTU004809）与沉积物中的味道和气味物质呈正相关，例如二甲基硫醚（DMS），β-紫罗兰酮，β-环柠檬醛和土臭味素。黑潮后期沉积微生物群落逐渐恢复，表明黑潮期间沉积微生物群落的稳定性和自我恢复能力。值得注意的是，我们观察到许多可能的病原体在黑花盛开期间显着增加，这提醒我们在发生黑花盛开时远离污染的沉积物。