New antibiotics are urgently required in clinical treatment and agriculture with the development of antimicrobial resistance. However, products discovered by repeating previous strategies are either not antibiotics or already known antibiotics. There is a growing demand for efficient strategies to discover new antibiotics. With the continuous improvement of gene sequencing technology and genomic data, some mining strategies have emerged. These strategies are expected to alleviate the current dilemma of antibiotics. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in discovery of bacterial antibiotics from the following aspects: activation of silent gene clusters, genome mining and metagenome mining. In the future, we envision the discovery of natural antibiotic will be accelerated by the combination of these strategies.

中文翻译：

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在后基因组时代从细菌中发现新抗生素的策略

随着抗菌素耐药性的发展，临床治疗和农业迫切需要新的抗生素。然而，通过重复以前的策略发现的产品要么不是抗生素，要么是已知的抗生素。对发现新抗生素的有效策略的需求不断增长。随着基因测序技术和基因组数据的不断完善，一些挖掘策略也应运而生。这些策略有望缓解目前抗生素的困境。在这篇综述中，我们从以下几个方面讨论了细菌抗生素发现的最新进展：沉默基因簇的激活、基因组挖掘和宏基因组挖掘。未来，我们预计这些策略的结合将加速天然抗生素的发现。