Contextual cueing refers to finding a target more efficiently in repeated displays than in novel displays. However, conflicting results have been reported regarding whether target absent judgments can also be efficient in repeated displays. To resolve this controversy, we first tested 3 factors that might influence the strength of distractor-distractor associations and then investigated how such associations produced faster responses on repeated target absent trials by measuring the patterns of eye movements. The factors were the number of distractors, number of repeated configurations, and diversity of the distractors' properties. In Experiments 1 and 2, we found that the diversity of the distractors was the only factor producing contextual cueing without a target. In Experiment 3, we recorded eye movements during a search task and found that the contextual cueing effect in the target absent condition was due to the lower number of fixations and larger mean saccadic amplitudes. Overall, these results suggest that the distractor-distractor associations, strengthened by the diversity of the distractors' properties, widened the attentional window. This enlarged window in turn helps people to reject more distractors at once and enables them to terminate a visual search faster in repeated target absent trials. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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通过干扰项-干扰项关联在目标缺席试验中进行上下文提示。


上下文提示是指在重复显示中比在新颖显示中更有效地找到目标。然而，关于目标缺席判断是否在重复显示中也能有效，已经报告了相互矛盾的结果。为了解决这一争议，我们首先测试了可能影响干扰物-干扰物关联强度的 3 个因素，然后通过测量眼球运动模式来研究这些关联如何在重复的目标缺失试验中产生更快的反应。这些因素包括干扰物的数量、重复配置的数量以及干扰物属性的多样性。在实验 1 和 2 中，我们发现干扰因素的多样性是在没有目标的情况下产生上下文提示的唯一因素。在实验3中，我们记录了搜索任务期间的眼球运动，发现目标缺失条件下的上下文提示效果是由于注视次数较少和平均扫视幅度较大所致。总体而言，这些结果表明，干扰物属性的多样性加强了干扰物与干扰物之间的关联，从而拓宽了注意力窗口。这种扩大的窗口反过来又可以帮助人们立即拒绝更多的干扰因素，并使他们能够在重复的目标缺失试验中更快地终止视觉搜索。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。