The deficit in verbal working memory (vWM) skills has been frequently reported in children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and may contribute to their problems in language. This study aimed to compare the phonological short-term memory (pSTM) and linguistic skills between Persian-speaking children with DLD and typical language development (TLD) to explore the role that pSTM plays in lexical and grammatical problems of children with DLD. This study included 32 Persian-speaking children who were divided into two groups of DLD (n = 16) and TLD (n = 16) within the age range from 6 to 8 years. The Persian non-word repetition test was employed as the measure of pSTM. Lexical and grammatical indices were extracted from narrative generations. Independent-samples t test was used to analyze the group-related differences in vWM, lexical, and grammatical skills. Moreover, the one-way ANCOVA analysis by controlling for NWR was utilized as the covariate to investigate the effects of vWM on linguistic performances. According to the results, the children with DLD scored significantly lower on NWR task and all lexical and grammatical measures, compared to TLD children (P < 0.01, d > 1). The group-related differences disappeared after controlling for NWR (P > 0.05). The results show that Persian-speaking children with DLD experience significant difficulties in pSTM skills, which affect their lexical and grammatical performances.

中文翻译：

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语音短期记忆对发展性语言障碍波斯语儿童词汇和语法产生技能的影响。

在发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 儿童中经常报告语言工作记忆 (vWM) 技能的缺陷，这可能会导致他们的语言问题。本研究旨在比较波斯语 DLD 儿童与典型语言发展 (TLD) 之间的语音短期记忆 (pSTM) 和语言技能，以探讨 pSTM 在 DLD 儿童词汇和语法问题中的作用。这项研究包括 32 名讲波斯语的儿童，他们被分为两组，年龄范围为 6 至 8 岁，分别为 DLD（n = 16）和 TLD（n = 16）。波斯语非单词重复测试被用作 pSTM 的度量。词汇和语法索引是从叙事世代中提取的。独立样本t测试用于分析 vWM、词汇和语法技能的组相关差异。此外，通过控制 NWR 的单向 ANCOVA 分析被用作协变量来研究 vWM 对语言性能的影响。结果表明，与 TLD 儿童相比，DLD 儿童在 NWR 任务和所有词汇和语法测量方面的得分显着较低（P < 0.01，d > 1）。控制 NWR 后，组相关差异消失（P > 0.05）。结果表明，患有 DLD 的波斯语儿童在 pSTM 技能方面存在重大困难，这会影响他们的词汇和语法表现。