Neurocognitive tasks are frequently used to assess disordered decision making, and cognitive models of these tasks can quantify performance in terms related to decision makers' underlying cognitive processes. In many cases, multiple cognitive models purport to describe similar processes, but it is difficult to evaluate whether they measure the same latent traits or processes. In this article, we develop methods for modeling behavior across multiple tasks by connecting cognitive model parameters to common latent constructs. This approach can be used to assess whether 2 tasks measure the same dimensions of cognition, or actually improve the estimates of cognitive models when there are overlapping cognitive processes between 2 related tasks. The approach is then applied to connecting decision data on 2 behavioral tasks that evaluate clinically relevant deficits, the delay discounting task and Cambridge gambling task, to determine whether they both measure the same dimension of impulsivity. We find that the discounting rate parameters in the models of each task are not closely related, although substance users exhibit more impulsive behavior on both tasks. Instead, temporal discounting on the delay discounting task as quantified by the model is more closely related to externalizing psychopathology like aggression, while temporal discounting on the Cambridge gambling task is related more to response inhibition failures. The methods we develop thus provide a new way to connect behavior across tasks and grant new insights onto the different dimensions of impulsivity and their relation to substance use. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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使用联合认知模型测试潜在行为的因素结构：延迟贴现和剑桥赌博任务中的冲动。

神经认知任务经常用于评估无序决策，这些任务的认知模型可以根据与决策者的基本认知过程相关的术语来量化绩效。在许多情况下，多种认知模型旨在描述相似的过程，但很难评估它们是否测量相同的潜在特征或过程。在本文中，我们通过将认知模型参数连接到常见的潜在构造来开发跨多个任务的行为建模方法。这种方法可用于评估两个任务是否测量相同的认知维度，或者当两个相关任务之间存在重叠的认知过程时，实际上可以改进认知模型的估计。然后将该方法应用于连接评估临床相关缺陷的两项行为任务（延迟贴现任务和剑桥赌博任务）的决策数据，以确定它们是否都测量相同的冲动维度。我们发现每个任务模型中的折扣率参数并不密切相关，尽管物质使用者在这两个任务上表现出更多的冲动行为。相反，模型量化的延迟折扣任务的时间折扣与攻击性等外化精神病理学更密切相关，而剑桥赌博任务的时间折扣则更多地与反应抑制失败相关。因此，我们开发的方法提供了一种新的方法来连接跨任务的行为，并对冲动的不同维度及其与物质使用的关系提供新的见解。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。