This paper examines social class differences in fertility, using longitudinal micro-level data for a regional sample in Sweden, 1922–2015. Using discrete-time event history models, we estimated the association between social class and parity-specific duration to next birth, adjusting for household income in separate models. Social class was associated with fertility quite independently from income and the association was both parity-dependent and sex-specific. For transitions to parenthood, higher class position was associated with higher fertility for men and lower fertility for women before 1970, but then converged into a positive association for both sexes after 1990. For continued childbearing, a weak U-shaped relationship before 1947 turned into a positive relationship for second births and a negative relationship for higher-order births in the period after 1990. These patterns likely reflect broader changes in work–family compatibility and are connected to profound shifts in labour markets and institutional arrangements in twentieth-century Sweden.

本文使用 1922-2015 年瑞典区域样本的纵向微观数据，研究了生育率的社会阶层差异。使用离散时间事件历史模型，我们估计了社会阶层与下一胎的特定生育期之间的关联，并在单独的模型中根据家庭收入进行了调整。社会阶层与生育率的关系完全独立于收入，而且这种关联既取决于胎次，也取决于性别。1970 年以前，在过渡到为人父母时，较高的阶级地位与男性较高的生育率和较低的女性生育率相关，但在 1990 年之后收敛到两性的正相关。对于继续生育，