Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular matrix (mECM) has received increased attention in the fields of tissue engineering and scaffold-assisted regeneration. mECM exhibits many unique characteristics, such as robust bioactivity, biocompatibility, ease of use, and the potential for autologous tissue engineering. As the use of mECM has increased in musculoskeletal tissue engineering, it should be noted that mECM generated from current methods has inherited insufficiencies, such as low mechanical properties and lack of internal architecture. In this review, we first summarize the development and use of mECM as a scaffold for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration and highlight our current progress on moving this technology toward clinical application. Then we review recent methods to improve the properties of mECM that will overcome current weaknesses. Lastly, we propose future studies that will pave the road for mECM application in regenerating tissues in humans.

间充质干细胞衍生的细胞外基质（mECM）在组织工程和支架辅助再生领域受到越来越多的关注。mECM 具有许多独特的特性，例如强大的生物活性、生物相容性、易用性以及自体组织工程的潜力。随着 mECM 在肌肉骨骼组织工程中的使用增加，应该注意的是，从当前方法产生的 mECM 具有继承的不足，例如机械性能低和缺乏内部结构。在这篇综述中，我们首先总结了 mECM 作为肌肉骨骼组织再生支架的开发和使用，并强调了我们目前在将该技术推向临床应用方面的进展。然后，我们回顾了最近改进 mECM 特性的方法，这些方法将克服当前的弱点。最后，我们提出了未来的研究，这些研究将为 mECM 在人类组织再生中的应用铺平道路。