Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) affects predominantly obese females during their reproductive age period. The demographics of this condition has not been studied in Kuwait before. Objectives: To determine the demographics, clinical features, risk factors, and treatment modalities of IIH in the main neurology tertiary referral hospital in Kuwait and to compare our data with literature. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to identify cases of IIH seen between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2018. Patients were diagnosed in and referred from the neurology and neuro-ophthalmology clinics. Results: Our cohort consisted of 139 patients. We estimated a crude annual incidence rate of IIH of 3.28 per 100,000 population. Female-to-male ratio was 9.6:1. Mean age was 32.1 ± 10.8 years. Mean age of males was 31.46 ± 12.63 and that of females was 32.11 ± 10.67. The median of the duration from the first symptoms till diagnosis was 6 weeks (2-10 weeks). Headache was the most common symptom in 134 (96.4%) patients, followed by visual disturbances in 85 (61.2%) patients, transient visual obscurations (TVOs) in 84 (60.4%) patients, pulsatile tinnitus in 72 (51.8%) patients, diplopia in 22 (15.8%) patients, other symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, radicular neck, and back pain) in 19 (13.7%) patients, and 1 (0.7%) patient had facial weakness. High body mass index (BMI) was seen in 89.9% of patients, either overweight or obese, and it was the most common risk factors in both males (46.2%) and females (61.1%). Anemia was found in 38.1%; 21.6% of patients used OCPs and 7.9% used vitamin A. Bilateral transverse sinus stenosis (BTSS) was detected in 47 (33.8%) patients. Only 2 (1.4%) patients developed "fulminant IIH" characterized by rapidly progressive disease. All the patients received medical treatment and only 12 (8.6%) needed surgical management. Conclusion: Incidence of IIH in Kuwait is similar to other regional studies but higher than Western studies. Demographics and clinical features of IIH in our study are comparable to international and regional figures. Most of our patients had a benign course. IIH is more prevalent in females and strongly associated with obesity.

中文翻译：

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科威特特发性颅内高压的人口统计学，临床特征和管理：单中心经验。

背景：特发性颅内高压症（IIH）在生育年龄段主要影响肥胖女性。之前尚未在科威特研究过这种情况的人口统计资料。目的：确定科威特主要神经内科三级转诊医院中IIH的人口统计学，临床特征，危险因素和治疗方式，并将我们的数据与文献进行比较。方法：进行回顾性研究，以鉴定在2018年1月1日至2018年12月31日之间发现的IIH病例。患者在神经内科和神经眼科诊所进行了诊断和转诊。结果：我们的队列包括139例患者。我们估计，IIH的粗略年发病率为每100,000人口3.28。男女比例为9.6：1。平均年龄为32.1±10.8岁。男性平均年龄为31.46±12。63岁，女性为32.11±10.67。从最初症状到诊断的持续时间中位数为6周（2-10周）。头痛是134位（96.4％）患者中最常见的症状，其次是视力障碍85位（61.2％），短暂性视觉模糊（TVO）占84位（60.4％），搏动性耳鸣72位（51.8％），复视22例（15.8％），其他症状（例如恶心，呕吐，根颈和背痛）19例（13.7％），面部虚弱1例（0.7％）。超重或肥胖的患者中有89.9％的患者出现高体重指数（BMI），这是男性（46.2％）和女性（61.1％）的最常见危险因素。贫血率为38.1％；21.6％的患者使用了OCP，7.9％的患者使用了维生素A。在47名（33.8％）的患者中发现了双侧横窦狭窄（BTSS）。仅2名（1.4％）患者出现以快速进行性疾病为特征的“暴发性IIH”。所有患者均接受了药物治疗，只有12（8.6％）位需要手术治疗。结论：科威特的IIH发病率与其他区域研究相似，但高于西方研究。我们研究中IIH的人口统计学和临床​​特征可与国际和地区数据相媲美。我们大多数患者的病程都是良性的。IIH在女性中更为普遍，并且与肥胖密切相关。我们研究中IIH的人口统计学和临床​​特征可与国际和地区数据相媲美。我们大多数患者的病程都是良性的。IIH在女性中更为普遍，并且与肥胖密切相关。我们研究中IIH的人口统计学和临床​​特征可与国际和地区数据相媲美。我们大多数患者的病程都是良性的。IIH在女性中更为普遍，并且与肥胖密切相关。