This study examined the associations between personality traits and psychological and behavioural responses to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Personality was assessed in January/February 2020 when the public was not aware of the spread of coronavirus in the USA. Participants were reassessed in late March 2020 with four sets of questions about the pandemic: concerns, precautions, preparatory behaviours, and duration estimates. The sample consisted of N = 2066 participants (mean age = 51.42; range = 18–98; 48.5% women). Regression models were used to analyse the data with age, gender, education, race, and ethnicity as covariates. Consistent with the preregistered hypotheses, higher neuroticism was related to more concerns and longer duration estimates related to COVID‐19, higher extraversion was related to shorter duration estimates, and higher conscientiousness was associated with more precautions. In contrast to the preregistered hypotheses, higher neuroticism was associated with fewer precautions and unrelated to preparatory behaviours. Age moderated several trait–response associations, suggesting that some of the responses were associated more strongly in older adults, a group at risk for complications of COVID‐19. For example, older adults high in conscientiousness prepared more. The present findings provide insights into how personality predicts concerns and behaviours related to the COVID‐19 pandemic. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology

中文翻译：

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对 2019 年冠状病毒病的心理和行为反应：人格的作用。


本研究探讨了人格特质与 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行的心理和行为反应之间的关联。人格评估是在 2020 年 1 月/2 月进行的，当时公众还不知道冠状病毒在美国的传播。 2020 年 3 月下旬，对参与者进行了重新评估，提出了四组有关流感大流行的问题：担忧、预防措施、准备行为和持续时间估计。样本由N = 2066 名参与者组成（平均年龄 = 51.42；范围 = 18–98；48.5% 为女性）。使用回归模型来分析以年龄、性别、教育程度、种族和民族为协变量的数据。与预先注册的假设一致，较高的神经质与更多的担忧和与 COVID-19 相关的较长持续时间估计相关，较高的外向性与较短的持续时间估计相关，较高的责任心与更多的预防措施相关。与预先登记的假设相反，较高的神经质与较少的预防措施相关，并且与准备行为无关。年龄调节了一些特征-反应关联，这表明某些反应与老年人（有患 COVID-19 并发症的风险群体）的相关性更强。例如，责任心高的老年人准备得更多。目前的研究结果提供了关于人格如何预测与 COVID-19 大流行相关的担忧和行为的见解。 © 2020 欧洲人格心理学协会