As the editor for the Journal of Adult Development, I feel that I should not ignore the unprecedented changes and challenges we are experiencing in the United States and all over the world. It seems a bit premature to sort out all the implications and effects that the COVID-19 pandemic has on adult development. On the other hand, we are called upon as scholars, researchers, and teachers to begin reflecting on the physical, social, and psychological effects and the drain of resources such an epidemic might have on many people. I will not speculate what specific shortand long-term effects there will be, but let me outline a few topics that appear relevant to adult development. The first issue coming to mind concerns the effect on young adults in emerging adulthood. There is great uncertainty about the future trajectory for young adults. Young adults may feel they are stopped in their tracks as they want to transition from high school to a job or to college. Others now face collegelevel classes online, and college graduates are wondering where to find a job, or they may be facing other unexpected developmental tasks. In his seminal work on the children of the Great Depression (Elder 1974), Glen Elder has written extensively about the effect of historical events. Likewise, Conger et al. (2004) reflected on the effect of the farm crisis in the Midwest of the United States. Some of the trajectories for young adults are going to be changed forever by the COVID-19 pandemic. Similarly, individuals in midlife are also be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. People who had good jobs that paid a reasonable living wage may now be uprooted if they have been unexpectedly laid off. Some individuals and families live “paycheck to paycheck,” and the current crisis surely has an effect on the developmental transition during the midlife years. Health care providers in midlife see critical cases every day, including individuals who succumb to the effects of the virus. Their experiences most likely shape their perspective on life and death. Older adults can be significantly affected, as they are often mentioned as belonging to a “risk group,” more likely to experience the negative consequences of the corona crisis. The case-fatality rate for COVID-19 is estimated at 3% to 5% for people 65–74 years of age and increases to about 10–27% for people 85 years and older (Le Couteur et al. 2020). With this relatively high fatality rate, older adults can easily be targeted and labeled as vulnerable. However, older adults belong to a very diverse group—some have serious chronic health problems that would make them more susceptible to negative outcomes, but others remain healthy and active. Although the risk for older adults to contract COVID-19 is high, it must be noted that severe infections and significant mortality occur across the entire life course (Le Couteur et al. 2020). There is a possibility that during this pandemic old stereotypes reinforcing ageist perceptions are revived (Ayalon et al. 2020). It is not age that predicts the disease trajectory for older adults; it is the chronic health condition, a compromised immune system, or living in a residential facility that may affect older more than younger adults. Furthermore, we should not talk about older adults but rather give this age group a voice in their own matters. The Gerontological Society of America has launched The Reframing Aging Initiative (Gerontological Society of America 2020) that underlines the importance of understanding inclusive language when communicating about COVID-19. As we reflect on different age groups, we should place a focus on development in the context of families and communities. Given stay-at-home policies, intergenerational ties are restricted, and the overall solidarity among parents, grandchildren, children, and grandchildren may be compromised. When younger adults get the impression that they are to stay at home to keep older adults safe, intergenerational resentment may ensue. Comparing active and productive younger adults to frail and vulnerable older adults does not help either generation come to terms with this crisis. * Peter Martin pxmartin@iastate.edu

中文翻译：

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病毒对成人发育的影响。

作为《成人发展杂志》的编辑，我觉得我不应该忽视我们在美国和世界各地正在经历的前所未有的变化和挑战。理清 COVID-19 大流行对成人发展的所有影响和影响似乎还为时过早。另一方面，作为学者、研究人员和教师，我们被要求开始反思这种流行病可能对许多人造成的身体、社会和心理影响以及资源消耗。我不会推测会有什么具体的短期和长期影响，但让我概述一些似乎与成人发展相关的主题。想到的第一个问题是对刚成年的年轻人的影响。年轻人的未来轨迹存在很大的不确定性。年轻的成年人可能会觉得他们在想从高中过渡到工作或上大学时停滞不前。其他人现在面临大学水平的在线课程，大学毕业生想知道在哪里找到工作，或者他们可能面临其他意想不到的发展任务。在他关于大萧条时期儿童的开创性著作（Elder 1974）中，Glen Elder 写了大量关于历史事件影响的文章。同样，Conger 等人。(2004) 反映了美国中西部农业危机的影响。COVID-19 大流行将永远改变年轻人的一些发展轨迹。同样，中年人也会受到 COVID-19 大流行的影响。那些拥有好工作并支付合理生活工资的人如果被意外解雇，现在可能会被连根拔起。一些个人和家庭过着“薪水到薪水”的生活，当前的危机肯定会对中年时期的发展过渡产生影响。中年的医疗保健提供者每天都会看到危重病例，包括死于病毒影响的个人。他们的经历很可能塑造了他们对生死的看法。老年人可能会受到显着影响，因为他们经常被称为属于“风险群体”，更有可能经历电晕危机的负面后果。对于 65-74 岁的人群，COVID-19 的病死率估计为 3% 至 5%，而对于 85 岁及以上的人群，这一比例将增加到 10-27% 左右（Le Couteur 等人，2020 年）。由于死亡率相对较高，老年人很容易成为攻击目标并被贴上脆弱的标签。然而，老年人属于一个非常多样化的群体——有些人有严重的慢性健康问题，这会使他们更容易受到负面结果的影响，但其他人则保持健康和活跃。尽管老年人感染 COVID-19 的风险很高，但必须注意的是，在整个生命过程中都会发生严重感染和显着死亡率（Le Couteur 等人，2020 年）。在这次大流行期间，强化年龄歧视观念的陈旧刻板印象有可能复活（Ayalon et al. 2020）。预测老年人疾病轨迹的不是年龄；慢性健康状况、免疫系统受损或居住在住宅设施中，对老年人的影响可能大于对年轻人的影响。此外，我们不应该谈论老年人，而应该让这个年龄段的人在他们自己的事情上发表意见。美国老年学会发起了“重塑老龄化倡议”（美国老年学会 2020），强调了在交流 COVID-19 时理解包容性语言的重要性。当我们反思不同的年龄组时，我们应该将重点放在家庭和社区背景下的发展上。鉴于居家政策，代际联系受到限制，父母、孙辈、子女和孙辈之间的整体团结可能会受到损害。当年轻人得到他们要呆在家里以确保老年人安全的印象时，代际间的怨恨可能会随之而来。将活跃和有生产力的年轻人与虚弱和脆弱的老年人进行比较并不能帮助任何一代人接受这场危机。* 彼得·马丁 pxmartin@iastate.edu 当我们反思不同的年龄组时，我们应该将重点放在家庭和社区背景下的发展上。鉴于居家政策，代际联系受到限制，父母、孙辈、子女和孙辈之间的整体团结可能会受到损害。当年轻人得到他们要呆在家里以确保老年人安全的印象时，代际间的怨恨可能会随之而来。将活跃和有生产力的年轻人与虚弱和脆弱的老年人进行比较并不能帮助任何一代人接受这场危机。* 彼得·马丁 pxmartin@iastate.edu 当我们反思不同的年龄组时，我们应该将重点放在家庭和社区背景下的发展上。鉴于居家政策，代际联系受到限制，父母、孙辈、子女和孙辈之间的整体团结可能会受到损害。当年轻人得到他们要呆在家里以确保老年人安全的印象时，代际间的怨恨可能会随之而来。将活跃和有生产力的年轻人与虚弱和脆弱的老年人进行比较并不能帮助任何一代人接受这场危机。* 彼得·马丁 pxmartin@iastate.edu 和孙子可能会受到损害。当年轻人得到他们要呆在家里以确保老年人安全的印象时，代际间的怨恨可能会随之而来。将活跃和有生产力的年轻人与虚弱和脆弱的老年人进行比较并不能帮助任何一代人接受这场危机。* 彼得·马丁 pxmartin@iastate.edu 和孙子可能会受到损害。当年轻人得到他们要呆在家里以确保老年人安全的印象时，代际间的怨恨可能会随之而来。将活跃和有生产力的年轻人与虚弱和脆弱的老年人进行比较并不能帮助任何一代人接受这场危机。* 彼得·马丁 pxmartin@iastate.edu