The novel corona virus COVID-19 has become a worldwide public health pandemic that has induced anomic conditions impacting daily routines. COVID-19 response measures specifically alter regular schedules and both restrict and expand opportunities for various types of crime while presenting unprecedented challenges for the criminal justice system. For criminologists and criminal justice scientists, the virus also presents natural experiment conditions allowing for real-world theory tests and observation of the relative effectiveness of practice and policy options under weighty conditions. Toward synthesizing scientific discourse and forthcoming empirical work, we suggest the benefits of a COVID-19 crime and justice research program and offer some anchoring concepts. Contagion, containment measures (social distancing, facemasks, shelter-in-place, economic shutdown, virtual work and schooling, banned group gatherings), and social ordinance compliance (voluntary or enforced) posture a conceptual framework from which to align research on crime, justice, and victimization during the virus. After observing crime trends and justice system challenges, we suggest how the pandemic presents opportunities for review of various criminal justice, especially incarceration, policies. System change is a recurring theme across this special issue of the American Journal of Criminal Justice that features twenty additional contributions from a wide range of authoritative crime and justice scholars. These articles on traditional crime during the virus, virus specific hate crime and domestic violence, and the challenges posed by COVID-19 to law enforcement, the courts, and corrections will hopefully provide initial commentary toward deeper inquiry.

中文翻译：

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犯罪、司法与 COVID-19 大流行：迈向国家研究议程。

新型冠状病毒 COVID-19 已成为全球公共卫生流行病，已引发影响日常生活的异常状况。COVID-19 应对措施特别改变了常规时间表，限制和扩大了各种犯罪的机会，同时给刑事司法系统带来了前所未有的挑战。对于犯罪学家和刑事司法科学家来说，该病毒还提供了自然实验条件，允许进行现实世界的理论测试，并观察在重要条件下实践和政策选择的相对有效性。为了综合科学话语和即将开展的实证工作，我们提出了 COVID-19 犯罪和司法研究计划的好处，并提供了一些锚定概念。传染、遏制措施（保持社交距离、戴口罩、就地避难、经济停摆、虚拟工作和学校教育、禁止集体聚会）和社会条例合规（自愿或强制）构成了一个概念框架，可据此协调对病毒期间犯罪、司法和受害的研究。在观察犯罪趋势和司法系统挑战后，我们建议大流行如何为审查各种刑事司法，特别是监禁政策提供机会。系统变革是本期《美国刑事司法杂志》特刊中反复出现的主题，其中包括来自广泛的权威犯罪和司法学者的 20 篇额外贡献。这些文章涉及病毒期间的传统犯罪、特定病毒的仇恨犯罪和家庭暴力，以及 COVID-19 对执法、法院、