Dietary factors may play a key role in the etiology of obesity. The Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) provides a comprehensive overview of the nutrients content of the diet. This study aimed to investigate the association between INQ and obesity in male adolescents. We hypothesize that receiving a high-quality diet reduces the risk of overweight or obese. This study was carried out on 214 obese/overweight as the case group and 321 normal-weight male adolescents as the control group. Dietary intakes of the participants were collected using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The FFQ-derived dietary data were used to calculate the INQ scores. After adjustments for age and height, an inverse association was found between obesity and INQ of iron, vitamin B6, and magnesium, and a positive association was found between obesity and INQ of zinc (all P < 0.05). After further adjustments for nutritional knowledge and calorie intake, an inverse association was observed between obesity and INQ of vitamin C, iron, vitamin B6, pantothenic acid, selenium, and magnesium (all P < 0.05). The positive association of obesity and INQ of zinc remained significant after adjustments. A higher intake of vitamin C, iron, vitamin B6, pantothenic acid, selenium, and magnesium and a lower intake of zinc may be protective against adolescent obesity. More longitudinal studies are required to investigate the relationship between these nutrients and obesity.

中文翻译：

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男性青少年的营养质量指数 (INQ) 和肥胖风险：病例对照研究。

饮食因素可能在肥胖的病因中起关键作用。营养质量指数 (INQ) 全面概述了饮食中的营养素含量。本研究旨在调查男性青少年 INQ 与肥胖之间的关联。我们假设接受高质量的饮食会降低超重或肥胖的风险。本研究以214名肥胖/超重患者为病例组，321名正常体重男性青少年为对照组。使用食物频率问卷 (FFQ) 收集参与者的膳食摄入量。FFQ 衍生的饮食数据用于计算 INQ 分数。在调整年龄和身高后，发现肥胖与铁、维生素 B6 和镁的 INQ 之间呈负相关，肥胖与锌的 INQ 呈正相关（均 P < 0.05）。在进一步调整营养知识和卡路里摄入量后，观察到肥胖与维生素 C、铁、维生素 B6、泛酸、硒和镁的 INQ 呈负相关（均 P < 0.05）。调整后，肥胖与锌的 INQ 之间的正相关仍然显着。较高的维生素 C、铁、维生素 B6、泛酸、硒和镁的摄入量以及较低的锌摄入量可能有助于预防青少年肥胖。需要更多的纵向研究来调查这些营养素与肥胖之间的关系。泛酸、硒和镁（所有 P < 0.05）。调整后，肥胖与锌的 INQ 之间的正相关仍然显着。较高的维生素 C、铁、维生素 B6、泛酸、硒和镁的摄入量以及较低的锌摄入量可能有助于预防青少年肥胖。需要更多的纵向研究来调查这些营养素与肥胖之间的关系。泛酸、硒和镁（所有 P < 0.05）。调整后，肥胖与锌的 INQ 之间的正相关仍然显着。较高的维生素 C、铁、维生素 B6、泛酸、硒和镁的摄入量以及较低的锌摄入量可能有助于预防青少年肥胖。需要更多的纵向研究来调查这些营养素与肥胖之间的关系。