An increase in the operating temperature of photovoltaic (PV) panels caused by high levels of solar irradiation can affect the efficiency and lifespan of PV panels. This study uses numerical and experimental analyses to investigate the reduction in the operating temperature of PV panels with an air-cooled heat sink. The proposed heat sink was designed as an aluminum plate with perforated fins that is attached to the back of the PV panel. A comprehensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was conducted using the software ANSYS Fluent to ensure that the heat sink model worked properly. The influence of heat sinks on the heat transfer between a PV panel and the circulating ambient air was investigated. The results showed a substantial decrease in the operating temperature of the PV panel and an increase in its electrical performance. The CFD analysis in the heat sink model with an air flow velocity of 1.5 m/s and temperature of 35°C under a heat flux of 1000 W/m2 showed a decrease in the PV panel’s average temperature from 85.3°C to 72.8°C. As a consequence of decreasing its temperature, the heat sink increased the open-circuit photovoltage ( ) and maximum power point ( ) of the PV panel by 10% and 18.67%, respectively. Therefore, the use of aluminum heat sinks could provide a potential solution to prevent PV panels from overheating and may indirectly lead to a reduction in CO2 emissions due to the increased electricity production from the PV system.

中文翻译：

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铝制散热器光伏板空冷数值与实验研究

由高强度太阳辐射引起的光伏 (PV) 面板工作温度升高会影响光伏面板的效率和寿命。本研究使用数值和实验分析来研究带有风冷散热器的光伏电池板工作温度的降低。拟议的散热器被设计为带有穿孔翅片的铝板，连接到光伏面板的背面。使用 ANSYS Fluent 软件进行了全面的计算流体动力学 (CFD) 仿真，以确保散热器模型正常工作。研究了散热器对光伏电池板和循环环境空气之间的热传递的影响。结果表明，光伏电池板的工作温度显着降低，电气性能提高。空气流速为 1.5 m/s、温度为 35°C、热通量为 1000 W/m2 的散热器模型中的 CFD 分析表明，光伏电池板的平均温度从 85.3°C 下降到 72.8°C . 由于温度降低，散热器使光伏面板的开路光电压（ ）和最大功率点（ ）分别增加了 10% 和 18.67%。因此，使用铝制散热器可以提供一种潜在的解决方案，以防止光伏电池板过热，并可能因光伏系统发电量增加而间接减少二氧化碳排放。由于温度降低，散热器使光伏电池板的开路光电压（ ）和最大功率点（ ）分别增加了 10% 和 18.67%。因此，使用铝制散热器可以提供一种潜在的解决方案，以防止光伏电池板过热，并可能因光伏系统发电量增加而间接减少二氧化碳排放。由于温度降低，散热器使光伏面板的开路光电压（ ）和最大功率点（ ）分别增加了 10% 和 18.67%。因此，使用铝制散热器可以提供一种潜在的解决方案，以防止光伏电池板过热，并可能因光伏系统发电量增加而间接减少二氧化碳排放。