Protected areas are an important conservation measure. However, there are controversial findings regarding whether closed areas are beneficial for species and habitat conservation as well as landings. Species dispersal is acknowledged as a key factor for the design and impacts of closed areas. A series of agent based models using random diffusion to model fish dispersal were run before and after habitat protection. All results were normalised without the protected habitat in each scenario to detect the relative difference after closing an area, all else being equal. Results show that landings of species with short dispersal ranges will take longer to reach the levels of pre Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) establishment than landings of species with long dispersal ranges. Further the establishment of an MPA generates a higher relative population source within the MPA for species with low dispersal abilities than for species with high dispersal abilities. Results derived here show that there exists a win-win feasible scenario that maximises both fish biomass as well as fish catches.

中文翻译：

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海洋保护区随着时间的推移和物种扩散潜力的影响：定量保护冲突尝试

保护区是一项重要的保护措施。然而，关于封闭区域是否有利于物种和栖息地保护以及着陆，存在有争议的发现。物种扩散被认为是封闭区域设计和影响的关键因素。在栖息地保护之前和之后，运行了一系列使用随机扩散来模拟鱼类扩散的基于代理的模型。在每个场景中，所有结果都在没有受保护栖息地的情况下进行了标准化，以检测关闭区域后的相对差异，其他一切都相同。结果表明，与长距离物种的登陆相比，短传播范围物种的登陆需要更长的时间才能达到海洋保护区（MPA）建立前的水平。此外，与具有高扩散能力的物种相比，MPA 的建立在 MPA 内为具有低扩散能力的物种产生了更高的相对种群来源。这里得出的结果表明，存在一种双赢的可行方案，可以最大限度地提高鱼类生物量和鱼类产量。