Background: The rhizosphere microbiota are of vital importance for plant growth and health in terrestrial ecosystems. There have been extensive studies aiming to identify the microbial communities as well as their relationship with host plants in different soil types.

Objective: In the present study, we have employed the high-throughput sequencing technology to investigate the composition and structure of rhizosphere microbiota prosperous at the root of Dangshan Su pear growing in sandy soil and clay soil.

Methods: A high-throughput amplicon sequencing survey of the bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS regions from rhizosphere microbiota was firstly performed. Subsequently, several common bacterial and fungal communities were found to be essential to Dangshan Su pear by using a series of bioinformatics and statistics tools. Finally, the soil-preferred microbiota were identified through variance analysis and further characterized in the genus level.

Result: Dangshan Su pears host rich and diverse microbial communities in thin layer of soil adhering to their roots. The composition of dominant microbial phyla is similar across different soil types, but the quantity of each microbial community varies significantly. Specially, the relative abundance of Firmicutes increases from 9.69% to 61.66% as the soil ecosystem changes from clay to sandy, which can be not only conducive to the degradation of complex plant materials, but also responsible for the disinfestation of pathogens.

Conclusion: Our results have a symbolic significance for the potential efforts of rhizosphere microbiota on the soil bioavailability and plant health. Through selecting soil types and altering microbial structures, the improvement of fruit quality of Dangshan Su pear is expected to be achieved.

背景：根际微生物群对于陆地生态系统中的植物生长和健康至关重要。已经进行了广泛的研究，旨在鉴定微生物群落及其与不同土壤类型中寄主植物的关系。

目的：本研究采用高通量测序技术，研究了在砂土和黏土上生长的D山苏梨根部的根际微生物群落的组成和结构。

方法：首先对根际微生物群中的细菌16S rRNA基因和真菌ITS区进行了高通量扩增子测序。随后，通过使用一系列生物信息学和统计工具，发现了几个常见的细菌和真菌群落对D山苏梨至关重要。最后，通过方差分析确定了土壤优先的微生物群，并进一步对其属进行了表征。

结果：D山苏梨在其根部附着的薄薄土壤层中拥有丰富而多样的微生物群落。不同土壤类型的优势微生物门的组成相似，但是每个微生物群落的数量差异很大。特别是，随着土壤生态系统从黏土到沙质的变化，硬毛菌的相对丰度从9.69％增加到61.66％，这不仅有利于复杂植物材料的降解，而且还导致了病原体的消灭。

结论：我们的结果对于根际微生物群对土壤生物利用度和植物健康的潜在努力具有象征意义。通过选择土壤类型和改变微生物结构，有望提高D山苏梨的果实品质。