Background: Due to temperature-insensitive and limited tribochemical reaction, nanolubricants have received tremendous focus over the past few years. The addition of nanoparticles in lubricant has been demonstrated to reduce the coefficient of friction and increase the loadcarrying capability of lubricant in coupled surfaces. Much attention has been paid to copper nanoparticles for their perfect friction reduction and wear resistance performances. However, it is difficult to maintain stable dispersion in lubricant oil for the aggregation of copper nanoparticles.

Methods: A novel macromolecular coupling agent copolymer, styrene-butyl methacrylate-3- methoxyacryloyl-propyltrimethoxyl silicon was successfully prepared by free radical polymerization. The structure and composition of the copolymer were characterized through X-ray diffractometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. The loadcarrying capacities and anti-wear properties of the base oil were evaluated on four-ball tester.

Results: The average size of the nano-Cu particle was around 40 nm. The modifier, St-MMA-(KH- 570) macromolecular copolymer could improve the dispersibility of nano-Cu particles. The introduction of the nano-Cu particles helped to improve the tribological properties of base oil.

Conclusion: The macromolecular coupling agent was synthesized by free radical solution polymerization method. The modifier was able to bond to the nano-Cu via chemical interaction. The modified Cu nanoparticles as the additive were able to greatly improve the anti-wear and extreme pressure properties of base oil. The optimum concentration of modified Cu nanoparticles in base oil was 0.25 wt.%.

背景：由于对温度不敏感且摩擦化学反应有限，因此纳米润滑剂在过去几年中受到了极大的关注。已证明在润滑剂中添加纳米颗粒可降低摩擦系数并增加润滑剂在耦合表面中的承载能力。铜纳米颗粒因其完美的降低摩擦和耐磨性能而受到了广泛关注。然而，为了铜纳米粒子的聚集，难以维持在润滑油中的稳定分散。

方法：通过自由基聚合成功地制备了一种新型的大分子偶联剂共聚物，即甲基丙烯酸丁苯酯-3-甲氧基丙烯酰基-丙基三甲氧基硅。通过X射线衍射仪，傅立叶变换红外光谱仪和核磁共振谱仪对共聚物的结构和组成进行了表征。在四球测试仪上评估了基础油的承载能力和抗磨性能。

结果：纳米铜粒子的平均尺寸约为40 nm。改性剂St-MMA-（KH-570）大分子共聚物可以提高纳米Cu颗粒的分散性。纳米铜粒子的引入有助于改善基础油的摩擦学性能。

结论：采用自由基溶液聚合法合成了大分子偶联剂。改性剂能够通过化学相互作用键合到纳米铜上。改性铜纳米粒子作为添加剂能够极大地改善基础油的抗磨性能和极压性能。基础油中改性Cu纳米粒子的最佳浓度为0.25重量％。