Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. There are various classes of medications available for the management of cancer. Nanoparticles based drugs are the most preferred category among them due to their specificity towards target and reduction in the dose of drugs. Nanotechnology includes multiple subdisciplines like nanostructures, nanomaterials, and nanoparticles. These nanostructure-based drugs have gained extrusion in the medical field because of their small size, shape and high pharmacological efficacy. Nanomedicine is a booming field involving the use of different types of nanoparticles to kill tumor and tumorous cells. Biodegradable nanometersized particles have novel structural and physical properties that are attracting great interests from pharmaceuticals for the targeted delivery of anticancer drugs and imaging contrast agents. These nanoparticles are designed to increase more uptake of drugs or therapeutic genes into cancerous cells while noncancerous cells are intact. In this review, different nanomaterials-based strategies for a safe, fast, effective and targeted delivery system for drugs are discussed in relation to their anticancer activities.

癌症是全球第二大死亡原因。有多种可用于治疗癌症的药物。基于纳米颗粒的药物是它们中最优选的类别，因为它们对靶标的特异性和药物剂量的减少。纳米技术包括多个子学科，例如纳米结构，纳米材料和纳米颗粒。这些基于纳米结构的药物由于其小尺寸，形状和高药理功效而在医学领域得到了广泛应用。纳米医学是一个蓬勃发展的领域，涉及使用不同类型的纳米颗粒杀死肿瘤和肿瘤细胞。可生物降解的纳米级颗粒具有新颖的结构和物理特性，正吸引着药物对靶向递送抗癌药和成像造影剂的极大兴趣。这些纳米颗粒被设计为增加癌细胞或癌细胞中完整的药物或治疗基因的摄取量。在这篇综述中，讨论了有关基于纳米材料的安全，快速，有效和针对性的药物递送系统的不同策略，这些策略涉及其抗癌活性。