Background: Water is undoubtedly a very precious resource that helps life thrive on this planet, and its pollution is a problem, which is potent in erasing almost all forms of life on the earth. Hence, considering the magnitude of this problem, studies and experiments have been focused (from the day water pollution was recognised as an eminent issue) on monitoring and finding possible solutions for water pollution. While the latter deals with treating and purifying water using a variety of concepts, monitoring deals with the continuous assessment of water quality of a waterbody.

Methodology: There are several methods for monitoring purposes, and remote sensing is a popular choice, thanks to its wide applicability and flexibility in implementation. Remote sensing deals with collecting data about a place (which is to be monitored) and sending the data to another ‘remote’ location for analysis. This article provides a description of some methods employed in recent times for remote sensing and a short section which deals with the analysis of the remotely sensed data using machine learning / deep learning models, hence making the reader aware of the concept of remote sensing and its scope for monitoring water pollution (or any form of pollution) in the future.

Conclusion: The detailed comparative analysis of these methods showed that sensor-based water quality monitoring with Geographical Information System (GIS) would be more efficient for the detection of water pollutants. Further research in this field may introduce many advancements to enable efficient water pollution detection techniques.

背景：水无疑是一种非常宝贵的资源，可以帮助这个星球上的生命繁衍生息，而它的污染是一个问题，它可以消除地球上几乎所有形式的生命。因此，考虑到这个问题的严重性，研究和实验的重点（从水污染被认为是一个突出问题的那天起）就集中在监测和寻找水污染的可能解决方案上。后者使用各种概念处理和净化水，而监测则处理水体水质的持续评估。

方法论：有多种监测方法，遥感是一种流行的选择，因为它具有广泛的适用性和实施​​的灵活性。遥感处理收集有关一个地方（将被监控）的数据并将数据发送到另一个“远程”位置进行分析。这篇文章描述了近年来用于遥感的一些方法，并有一小部分介绍了使用机器学习/深度学习模型分析遥感数据，从而使读者了解遥感的概念及其未来监测水污染（或任何形式的污染）的范围。

结论：对这些方法的详细比较分析表明，基于传感器的水质监测与地理信息系统 (GIS) 将更有效地检测水污染物。该领域的进一步研究可能会带来许多进步，以实现高效的水污染检测技术。