Background: Pseudostellaria heterophylla is an important tonic traditional Chinese medicine. However, the molecular changes in the herb from geo-authentic habitat and cultivated bases remain to be explored.

Objective: The purpose of this research was to study differences in P. heterophylla from geo-authentic habitat and cultivated bases.

Methods: High-throughput technologies of transcriptomic and proteomic were used to identify proteins. Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantification (iTRAQ) MS/MS has been utilized to evaluate changes in P. heterophylla from geo-authentic habitat and cultivated bases.

Results: In this study, a total of 3775 proteins were detected, and 140 differentially expressed proteins were found in P. heterophylla from geo-authentic habitat and cultivated bases. 44 significantly differential expressed proteins were identified based on functional analysis classified into nine categories. Five differentially expressed proteins were confirmed at the gene expression level by Quantitative realtime PCR. Catabolic metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and response to stress of oxidoreductases and transferases in P. heterophylla from geo-authentic habitat were stronger than in those from cultivated bases, but protein folding and response to stress of heat shock proteins, isomerases, rubisco large subunit-binding proteins, chaperone proteins, and luminal-binding proteins in herbs from cultivated bases were more active. ADG1 and TKTA could be the critical proteins to regulate sucrose; MFP2 and CYS may be the crucial proteins that control the metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids.

Conclusion: These results will provide the basic information for exploring the differences in secondary metabolites in P. heterophylla from geo-authentic habitat and cultivated bases and the protein mechanism of its quality formation.

背景：太子参是一种重要的补虚中药。然而，来自地道生境和栽培基地的草药中的分子变化仍有待探索。

目的：本研究的目的是研究地道生境和栽培基地中太子参的差异。

方法：采用转录组和蛋白质组学的高通量技术鉴定蛋白质。相对定量和绝对定量（iTRAQ）的等压标记已被用于评估地道真实生境和栽培基地中太子参的变化。

结果：在这项研究中，共检测到3775种蛋白质，在地道真实生境和栽培基地的异叶假单胞菌中发现了140种差异表达的蛋白质。基于功能分析将44种显着差异表达的蛋白质鉴定为九类。通过定量实时PCR在基因表达水平上确认了五个差异表达的蛋白质。来自地道真实生境的异叶青冈的分解代谢代谢，碳水化合物代谢和对氧化还原酶和转移酶的胁迫响应比来自栽培基地的更强，但是蛋白质折叠和对热激蛋白，异构酶，rubisco大亚基的胁迫的响应栽培基地的草药中的结合蛋白，伴侣蛋白和管腔结合蛋白的活性更高。ADG1和TKTA可能是调节蔗糖的关键蛋白。MFP2和CYS可能是控制脂肪酸和氨基酸代谢的关键蛋白质。

结论：这些结果将为探索真假生境和人工栽培基地的太子参次生代谢产物的差异及其质量形成的蛋白质机理提供基础信息。