Dispersing two-dimensional (2D) graphene sheets in 3D material matrix becomes a promising route to access the exceptional mechanical and electrical properties of individual graphene sheets in bulk quantities for macroscopic applications. However, this is highly restricted by the uncontrolled distribution and orientation of the graphene sheets in 3D structures as well as the weak graphene-matrix bonding and poor load transfer. Here, we propose a previously unreported avenue to embed ordered 2D graphene array into ceramics matrix, where the catastrophic fracture failure mode of brittle ceramics was transformed into stable crack propagation behavior with 250 to 500% improvement in the mechanical toughness. An unprecedentedly low dry sliding friction coefficient of 0.06 in bulk ceramics was obtained mainly due to the inhibition of the microcrack propagation by the ordered 2D graphene array. These unique and low-cost 2D graphene array/ceramic composites may find applications in severe environments with superior structural and functional properties.

将二维（2D）石墨烯片分散在3D材料基质中成为一种有前景的方法，可用于宏观应用中大量使用单个石墨烯片的优异机械和电性能。但是，这受到石墨烯片在3D结构中不受控制的分布和方向以及石墨烯-基体键合弱和负载传递差的严格限制。在这里，我们提出了一种以前未曾报道过的将有序2D石墨烯阵列嵌入陶瓷基体的方法，该方法将脆性陶瓷的灾难性断裂破坏模式转变为稳定的裂纹扩展行为，机械韧性提高了250％至500％。空载滑动摩擦系数空前低至0。散装陶瓷中获得06的主要原因是有序二维石墨烯阵列抑制了微裂纹的传播。这些独特且低成本的2D石墨烯阵列/陶瓷复合材料可在具有出色结构和功能特性的恶劣环境中找到应用。