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Canola oil extraction in conjunction with a plastic free separation unit optimises microplastics monitoring in water and sediment
Analytical Methods ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-24 , DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01574a
Simone Lechthaler 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Lars Hildebrandt 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 , Georg Stauch 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 , Holger Schüttrumpf 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Microplastics are widely distributed in the environment and to define contamination hot spots, environmental samples have to be analysed by means of cost-as well as time-efficient and reliable standardised protocols. Due to the lipophilic characteristics of plastics, oil extraction as a fast and density-independent separation process is beneficial for the crucial extraction step. It was extensively validated (480 experiments) in two test setups by using canola oil and a cost-effective, plastic-free separation unit with spiked microplastics (19 different polymer types) in the density range from ρ = 11–1760 kg m−3 and in the size range from 0.02–4.4 mm. Thus, an innovative, new method combination was developed and profoundly validated for water and sediment samples using only a short settling time of 15 minutes. Some experiments were also carried out with zinc chloride to obtain additional reference data (particles ≤ 359 μm). The total mean recovery rate was 89.3%, 91.7% within the larger microplastic fraction and 85.7% for the small fraction. Compared to zinc chloride (87.6%), recovery rates differed not significantly with oil (87.1%). Furthermore, size limits were set, since the method works best with particles 0.02 mm ≥ d ≤ 3 mm. The proposed method exhibits higher efficiency (84.8% for 20–63 μm) for the potentially most harmful microplastic size fraction than the classic setup using brine solution. As a result, oil is a comparably effective separation medium and offers further advantages for separating water and sediment samples due to its density independence, simple and fast application and environmental friendliness. Based on this, a new extraction protocol is presented here that confirms oil separation as a sound and effective separation process in microplastic analysis and identifies previously missing information.

中文翻译:

芥花籽油提取物与无塑料分离装置相结合,优化了水和沉积物中的微量塑料监测

微塑料在环境中分布广泛,并且为了定义污染热点,必须通过成本,时间高效和可靠的标准化协议来分析环境样品。由于塑料的亲脂特性,油提取作为一种快速且独立于密度的分离方法,对于关键的提取步骤非常有利。它通过使用菜籽油和经济高效的无塑料分离装置(带有加标的微塑料(19种不同的聚合物类型),密度范围为ρ = 11–1760 kg m -3),在两个测试设置中得到了广泛的验证(480个实验)。尺寸范围为0.02-4.4毫米。因此,开发了一种创新的新方法组合,并仅用了15分钟的短沉淀时间就对水和沉积物样品进行了深入验证。还使用氯化锌进行了一些实验,以获得更多的参考数据(≤359μm的颗粒)。总平均回收率为89.3%,在较大的微塑料级分中为91.7%,在较小的塑料级分中为85.7%。与氯化锌(87.6%)相比,油的回收率差异不明显(87.1%)。此外,大小限为组,由于该方法效果最佳颗粒0.02毫米≥ d≤3毫米 与使用盐溶液的经典设置相比,所提出的方法对潜在最有害的微塑料尺寸分数显示出更高的效率(20-63μm时为84.8%)。因此,油是一种相对有效的分离介质,并且由于其密度独立性,简单和快速的应用以及环境友好性,在分离水和沉积物样品方面具有更多优势。基于此,本文提出了一种新的提取方案,该方案确认了油分离是微塑性分析中合理而有效的分离过程,并可以识别以前丢失的信息。
更新日期:2020-11-03
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