Purpose. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of each locomotive syndrome (LS) risk stage, including global spine sagittal alignment, spinal degenerative changes evident on plain radiographs, low back pain (LBP), muscle strength, and physical ability in middle-aged and elderly people in a health checkup. Methods. This study included 211 healthy Japanese volunteers (89 men and 122 women; mean age, 64.0 years) who underwent assessment with both radiographs and Spinal Mouse. Spinal sagittal parameters included thoracic kyphosis angle (TKA), lumbar lordosis angle (LLA), sagittal vertical axis, and spinal inclination angle (SIA). Lumbar disc height (LDH) and lumbar osteophyte formation (LOF) at each level were evaluated as the spinal degenerative changes. The LS assessment comprised three tests: stand-up test, two-step test, and 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25). The subjects were divided into three groups (no risk, stage 1 LS, or stage 2 LS) according to LS risk test criteria. The prevalence of LBP was investigated with a visual analogue scale (VAS), and physical performances were also compared among the groups. Results. Of the participants, 122 had no risk of LS, 56 had stage 1 LS risk, and 29 had stage 2 LS risk. With increasing LS risk stage, the prevalence of and VAS score for LBP increased significantly, and back muscle strength and physical abilities decreased significantly. The TKA did not differ among the three groups. The LLA decreased gradually with LS risk stage (). At each level except L1–L2 and L5–S1, LDH decreased gradually with LS risk stage. The prevalence of LOF increased significantly with increasing LS risk stage. The SIA increased significantly with LS risk stage (). Conclusions. Participants with LS had higher prevalence of spinal degeneration, small LLA, and global spinal imbalance by anterior spinal inclination.

中文翻译：

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全球脊柱矢状面平衡和脊柱退行性变化对中老年社区生活人群运动综合征风险的影响

目的。本研究的目的是描述每个运动综合征 (LS) 风险阶段的特征，包括整体脊柱矢状位排列、平片上明显的脊柱退行性变化、腰痛 (LBP)、肌肉力量和中-老年人和老年人进行健康检查。方法. 这项研究包括 211 名健康的日本志愿者（89 名男性和 122 名女性；平均年龄，64.0 岁），他们接受了 X 光片和脊髓小鼠的评估。脊柱矢状面参数包括胸椎后凸角（TKA）、腰椎前凸角（LLA）、矢状垂直轴和脊柱倾斜角（SIA）。每个水平的腰椎间盘高度（LDH）和腰椎骨赘形成（LOF）被评估为脊柱退行性变化。LS 评估包括三个测试：站立测试、两步测试和 25 个问题的老年机车功能量表 (GLFS-25)。根据 LS 风险测试标准，将受试者分为三组（无风险、1 期 LS 或 2 期 LS）。使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）调查LBP的患病率，并比较各组之间的身体表现。结果。在参与者中，122 人没有 LS 风险，56 人有 1 期 LS 风险，29 人有 2 期 LS 风险。随着LS风险阶段的增加，LBP的患病率和VAS评分显着增加，背部肌肉力量和体能显着下降。三组之间的TKA没有差异。LLA随着LS风险阶段逐渐下降（）。除 L1-L2 和 L5-S1 外，LDH 随 LS 风险阶段逐渐降低。LOF 的患病率随着 LS 风险阶段的增加而显着增加。SIA随着LS风险阶段显着增加（）。 结论。患有 LS 的参与者脊柱退变、小 LLA 和脊柱前倾导致的整体脊柱失衡的患病率较高。