To enhance the performance of single photon lidar in remote sensing applications, an adaptive single photon detection method under fluctuating background noise is proposed in this work. Given a desired false alarm probability, an adaptive threshold can be determined according to the background noise in real time. As a result, the single photon lidar operating under fluctuating background noise can implement high sensitivity and low false alarm rate simultaneously. Experiments are performed to verify the proposed method, and the experimental results are in accordance well within the theoretical values. In addition, the mean number of echo photons can be estimated in a fluctuating background noise environment, and the estimation accuracy is less than 1 photon.

中文翻译：

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波动背景噪声下的自适应单光子检测

为了提高单光子激光雷达在遥感应用中的性能，提出了一种在背景噪声波动下自适应的单光子激光探测方法。给定期望的虚警概率，可以根据背景噪声实时确定自适应阈值。结果，在波动的背景噪声下运行的单光子激光雷达可以同时实现高灵敏度和低误报率。实验验证了该方法的有效性，实验结果与理论值相吻合。另外，可以在变动的背景噪声环境中估计回波光子的平均数量，并且估计精度小于1个光子。