The authors examine study participants who have Type 2 diabetes to determine whether cognition affects glucose levels in contrast to widely held suppositions. Thirty participants who have type 2 diabetes consume beverages that have identical ingredients but have deceptive nutrition facts labels. Blood glucose levels measured four times before and after beverage consumption show that blood glucose levels increase when participants believe the beverage has high sugar content as portrayed on the labels. Also, individual eating behaviors and nutritional satisfaction are linked to changes in blood glucose levels. The study results support the concept of anticipatory budgeting on glucose metabolism. The findings provide pressing evidence for the psychobiological model of chronic disease, suggesting that psychological intervention programs may be important for diabetes management, beyond current programs in which type 2 diabetes is managed through diet, exercise, and medications only.

作者检查了患有 2 型糖尿病的研究参与者，以确定与广泛持有的假设相比，认知是否会影响血糖水平。30 名患有 2 型糖尿病的参与者饮用了成分相同但营养成分标签具有欺骗性的饮料。饮用饮料前后四次测量的血糖水平表明，当参与者认为饮料如标签上所描绘的那样含糖量高时，血糖水平会增加。此外，个人饮食行为和营养满意度与血糖水平的变化有关。研究结果支持葡萄糖代谢的预期预算的概念。这些发现为慢性病的心理生物学模型提供了紧迫的证据，