Botany, Volume 98, Issue 10, Page 563-573, October 2020.
Annual plants in arid regions germinate at different times within a growing season, from early in the season to late, and this may affect post-germination traits. For this study, I tested the effect of germination timing on post-germination life-history traits, including progeny seed germination in the desert annual Erodium laciniatum var. pulverulentum (Cav.) Boiss. Traits of November- and February-germinated individuals were studied in a field survey carried out in northwestern Saudi Arabia, and the germination of freshly matured and after-ripened seeds from both early- and late-germinated plants was assessed. Overall, E. laciniatum showed significant phenotypic plasticity in life-history traits arising from different germination times. Density, survivorship and reproductive success of early-germinated plants were all significantly greater than for those that germinated later. Late-germinated plants flowered earlier, bolted at smaller size and allocated more biomass to reproduction than did early-germinated individuals. Delayed germination shortened both flowering period and life span. Seeds produced by late-germinated plants had greater germination percentage than did seeds from early-germinated plants.

中文翻译：

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发芽时间会影响沙漠一年生小球藻（Geraniaceae）的发芽后生活史特征和后代种子发芽模式。

植物学，第98卷，第10期，第563-573页，2020年10月。
干旱地区的一年生植物在生长季节的不同时间发芽，从季节的早期到晚期，这可能会影响发芽后的性状。在这项研究中，我测试了发芽时机对发芽后生活史特征的影响，包括沙漠一年生食蚁龙（Erodium laciniatum var）的后代种子发芽。肺泡粉 在沙特阿拉伯西北部进行的田野调查中研究了11月和2月发芽的个体的性状，并评估了早发和晚发植物的新鲜成熟和成熟后种子的发芽率。总体而言，E.laciniatum在不同发芽时间引起的生活史特征中表现出显着的表型可塑性。密度，早期发芽的植物的存活率和繁殖成功率均显着高于后来发芽的植物。与早期发芽的个体相比，晚期发芽的植物开花较早，插花较小，为繁殖分配的生物量更多。延迟发芽缩短了开花期和寿命。晚发芽植物产生的种子比早发芽植物种子具有更高的发芽率。