AD is the most common neurodegenerative disease, yet there are no disease-modifying treatments available and there is no cure. It is becoming apparent that metabolic and vascular conditions such as Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension promote the development and accumulation of Alzheimer's Disease-Related Dementia pathologies. To this end, aerobic exercise, which is a common lifestyle intervention for both metabolic disease and hypertension, is shown to improve brain health during both healthy aging and dementia. However, noncompliance or other barriers to exercise response are common in exercise treatment paradigms. In addition, reduced intracellular proteostasis and mitochondrial function could contribute to the etiology of AD. Specifically, compromised chaperone systems (i.e. heat shock protein [HSPs] systems) can contribute to protein aggregates (i.e. beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles) and reduced mitochondrial quality control (i.e. mitophagy). Therefore, novel therapies that target whole-body metabolism, the vasculature, and chaperone systems (like HSPs) are needed to effectively treat AD. This review focuses on the role of heat therapy in the treatment and prevention of AD. Heat therapy has been independently shown to reduce whole-body insulin resistance, improve vascular function, activate inter-organ crosstalk via endocytic vesicles, and activate HSPs to improve mitochondrial function and proteostasis in a variety of tissues. Thus, heat therapy could offer immense clinical benefit to patients suffering from AD. Importantly, future studies in patients are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of heat therapy in preventing AD.

中文翻译：

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热疗：认知功能和大脑老化的可能益处。

AD 是最常见的神经退行性疾病，但目前尚无改善疾病的治疗方法，也无法治愈。越来越明显的是，2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 和高血压等代谢和血管疾病会促进阿尔茨海默病相关痴呆症病理的发展和积累。为此，有氧运动是代谢疾病和高血压的常见生活方式干预措施，被证明可以改善健康老龄化和痴呆期间的大脑健康。然而，在运动治疗范式中，运动反应的不依从性或其他障碍很常见。此外，细胞内蛋白质稳态和线粒体功能降低可能导致 AD 的病因。具体来说，受损的伴侣系统（即 热休克蛋白 [HSPs] 系统）可导致蛋白质聚集（即β-淀粉样蛋白斑块和神经原纤维缠结）和降低线粒体质量控制（即线粒体自噬）。因此，需要针对全身代谢、脉管系统和伴侣系统（如 HSP）的新疗法来有效治疗 AD。本综述侧重于热疗法在治疗和预防 AD 中的作用。热疗法已独立显示可降低全身胰岛素抵抗、改善血管功能、通过内吞囊泡激活器官间串扰，并激活 HSP 以改善各种组织中的线粒体功能和蛋白质稳态。因此，热疗可以为患有 AD 的患者提供巨大的临床益处。重要的，