Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a common feed grain globally with vast genetic and phytochemical diversity that may provide numerous health benefits, including its aptitude as an antimicrobial feed grain. This study highlights the antimicrobial potential of a collection of 384 diverse sorghum accessions against two prominent foodborne pathogens, Clostridium perfringens and Salmonella enterica. Following extensive screening, we determined that sorghum grain extract is more efficient at inhibiting C. perfringens than S. enterica. Antimicrobial activity observed against C. perfringens was not significantly correlated with either total phenols (r = 0.12) or tannin concentration (r = 0.12). Moreover, we mapped loci associated with antimicrobial activity to C. perfringens that are independent of loci associated with total phenols and tannins. The two most significant associations were determined to have an epistatic interaction and 20 candidate genes were identified. By sequence homology studies, we found the potential functions of these candidates to include plant stress response (Sobic.002G083600) and phenol metabolism regulation (Sobic.010G222600). Additionally, we noted no relationship between antimicrobial activity and either grain yield or composition. These results highlight significant heritable variation of antimicrobial activity in sorghum that may be useful for breeding to improve its value as a feed source by incorporating grain‐based antibiotics in animal production.

中文翻译：

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全基因组高粱抗菌活性的全基因组关联研究

高粱[Sorghum bicolor（L.）Moench]是全球常见的饲料谷物，具有广泛的遗传和植物化学多样性，可提供许多健康益处，包括其作为抗菌饲料谷物的能力。这项研究强调了384种高粱品种对两种主要食源性致病菌，产气荚膜梭状芽胞杆菌和肠炎沙门氏菌的抗菌潜力。经过广泛的筛选，我们确定高粱粒提取物在抑制产气荚膜梭菌中比在肠炎沙门氏菌中更有效。观察到的针对产气荚膜梭菌的抗菌活性与总酚类均无显着相关性（r = 0.12）或单宁浓度（r  = 0.12）。此外，我们将与抗菌活性有关的基因座映射到产气荚膜梭菌，而与总酚和单宁有关的基因座独立。确定两个最重要的关联具有上位性相互作用，并鉴定了20个候选基因。通过序列同源性研究，我们发现这些候选物的潜在功能包括植物胁迫反应（Sobic.002G083600）和酚代谢调节（Sobic.010G222600）。此外，我们注意到抗微生物活性与谷物产量或成分之间没有关系。这些结果凸显了高粱中抗菌活性的显着遗传变异，这可能有助于通过将基于谷类的抗生素纳入动物生产来提高其作为饲料来源的价值。