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Recent Advances in the Role of Sphingosine 1‐phosphate in Cancer
FEBS Letters ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-04 , DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13933
Nigel J Pyne 1 , Susan Pyne 1
Affiliation  

Sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that binds to a family of G protein‐coupled receptors (S1P1–5) and intracellular targets, such as HDAC1/2, that are functional in normal and pathophysiologic cell biology. There is a significant role for sphingosine 1‐phosphate in cancer underpinning the so‐called hallmarks, such as transformation and replicative immortality. In this review, we survey the most recent developments concerning the role of sphingosine 1‐phosphate receptors, sphingosine kinase and S1P lyase in cancer and the prognostic indications of these receptors and enzymes in terms of disease‐specific survival and recurrence. We also provide evidence for identification of new therapeutic approaches targeting sphingosine 1‐phosphate to prevent neovascularisation, to revert aggressive and drug‐resistant cancers to more amenable forms sensitive to chemotherapy, and to induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Finally, we briefly describe current advances in the development of isoform‐specific inhibitors of sphingosine kinases for potential use in the treatment of various cancers, where these enzymes have a predominant role. This review will therefore highlight sphingosine 1‐phosphate signalling as a promising translational target for precision medicine in stratified cancer patients.

中文翻译:

1-磷酸鞘氨醇在癌症中的作用的最新进展

1-磷酸鞘氨醇 (S1P) 是一种生物活性脂质,可与 G 蛋白偶联受体 (S1P1-5) 和细胞内靶标(如 HDAC1/2)结合,在正常和病理生理细胞生物学中发挥作用。1-磷酸鞘氨醇在癌症中发挥重要作用,支持所谓的标志,如转化和复制永生。在这篇综述中,我们调查了关于 1-磷酸鞘氨醇受体、鞘氨醇激酶和 S1P 裂解酶在癌症中的作用的最新进展,以及这些受体和酶在疾病特异性生存和复发方面的预后指征。我们还提供了鉴定靶向 1-磷酸鞘氨醇以预防新血管形成的新治疗方法的证据,将侵袭性和耐药性癌症恢复为对化疗敏感的更适合的形式,并在癌细胞中诱导细胞毒性。最后,我们简要描述了鞘氨醇激酶异构体特异性抑制剂开发的当前进展,这些抑制剂可能用于治疗各种癌症,其中这些酶具有主要作用。因此,本综述将强调 1-磷酸鞘氨醇信号作为分层癌症患者精准医学的一个有前景的转化靶点。
更新日期:2020-10-04
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