Abstract Machines, buildings, and vehicles often use fasteners to connect structural elements. Screws and bolts introduce a pressure profile on joint interfaces that varies under different material parameters, preloads, and assembly conditions. Characterization of interfacial pressure at the faying surface of a joint is helpful for understanding the dynamics of the entire built-up system. Examples of interfacial measurements in the literature utilize ultrasonic methods. Some of these previous studies have used separate calibration specimens to convert qualitative ultrasonic measurements to quantitative pressure at an interface. An experiment presented here measured the quantitative distribution of pressure between fastened aluminum plates using an ultrasonic probe and force-sensing washer, without the need of a calibration specimen and test. Beyond traditional measurement methods of this type, boundary effects near the fastener were also accounted for. Scans using this method match finite element results, lending to the utility of the new procedure. The new method has shown to be accurate and more advantageous when compared to previous methods.

中文翻译：

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紧固铝板接合面压力分布的超声研究

摘要 机器、建筑物和车辆经常使用紧固件来连接结构元件。螺钉和螺栓在连接界面上引入压力分布，该分布在不同材料参数、预载荷和装配条件下会发生变化。接头接合面的界面压力表征有助于了解整个组合系统的动力学。文献中的界面测量示例使用超声波方法。这些先前的一些研究使用单独的校准样本将定性超声波测量转换为界面处的定量压力。此处介绍的实验使用超声波探头和力感应垫圈测量紧固铝板之间的压力定量分布，无需校准样品和测试。除了这种类型的传统测量方法之外，还考虑了紧固件附近的边界效应。使用这种方法的扫描匹配有限元结果，有助于新程序的实用性。与以前的方法相比，新方法已被证明更准确且更具优势。