Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of the most widely utilized additive manufacturing techniques by virtue of its numerous merits, such as easy operation, low cost, low energy consumption and little-to-no waste. Based on its simple configuration and extrusion-assisted process, the research and development of this technique is gradually shifting from traditional prototype printing to high-performance composite fabrication. This review provides a panorama for the recent progress of FDM technology in the manufacturing of discontinuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites. The entire production chain from the very beginning of FDM filament preparation to the latest stage in large-scale manufacturing process is discussed. The enlightening strategy in multi-axis FDM field is highlighted as it possesses a great potential to manufacture the next-generation composites with superior geometric complexity and flexible fiber alignment. This review also identifies the main challenges and outlook for the future development of this 3D printing technology in fiber reinforced composites.

熔融沉积建模（FDM）凭借其众多优点（例如易于操作，低成本，低能耗和极少浪费）而成为最广泛使用的增材制造技术之一。基于其简单的配置和挤压辅助工艺，这项技术的研究和开发正逐渐从传统的原型印刷向高性能复合材料制造转移。这篇综述为FDM技术在不连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料制造中的最新进展提供了全景。讨论了从FDM灯丝制备的最开始到大规模生产过程的最新阶段的整个生产链。突出了多轴FDM领域中的启发策略，因为它具有制造具有卓越几何复杂性和柔性纤维排列特性的下一代复合材料的巨大潜力。这篇评论还确定了纤维增强复合材料中这种3D打印技术的主要挑战和未来发展前景。