The poor robustness and durability of superhydrophobic surfaces under various externally imposed stresses have become a challenging issue for practical applications. Here, an efficient dissolution and modification strategy is proposed for facilely fabricating superhydrophobic polyethylene (F-PE/SiO₂) foam with 98.6% porosity using sodium chloride (NaCl) as a sacrificial template and superhydrophobic nano-silica particles as a surface chemical modifier. A microscale porous and interconnected 3D framework is formed when NaCl is dissolved and the nano-silica particles adsorb on the surface of interconnected pores to form nanoscale structures. The F-PE/SiO₂ foam exhibits a water contact angle (CA) of 158 ± 2° and a sliding angle (SA) of 4±2°. Interestingly, the F-PE/SiO₂ foam could maintain its superhydrophobicity under 980 Pa pressure of water droplet impacting and 8.1 kPa pressure of water flow impacting. Besides robust dynamic superhydrophobicity, the F-PE/SiO₂ foam exhibits exceptional mechanical durability against knife scratching, tape-peeling, bending-twisting, and ultrasonication in ethanol because of unique hierarchical micro-nanostructure and the stably adsorbed nano-silica particles. Impressively, the F-PE/SiO₂ foam maintains superhydrophobicity upon abrasion damage until all the thickness is worn away, which are potentially advantageous in practical applications. Moreover, this F-PE/SiO₂ foam also demonstrated excellence in anti-wetting, self-cleaning and anti-icing, which makes the product can effectively reduce the damage caused by surface pollution, ice formation, and other natural factors when applied to oil-water separation and insulation material of refrigerator.

在各种外部施加的应力下，超疏水性表面的坚固性和耐久性差，已成为实际应用中的挑战性问题。在此，提出了一种有效的溶解和改性策略，以氯化钠（NaCl）为牺牲模板，以超疏水性纳米二氧化硅颗粒为表面化学改性剂，可轻松制造孔隙率为98.6％的超疏水性聚乙烯（F-PE / SiO ₂）泡沫。当溶解氯化钠并且纳米二氧化硅颗粒吸附在相互连接的孔的表面上以形成纳米级结构时，形成了微米级的多孔且相互连接的3D框架。F-PE / SiO ₂泡沫的水接触角（CA）为158±2°，滑动角（SA）为4±2°。有趣的是，F-PE / SiO ₂泡沫在水滴撞击980 Pa压力和水流撞击8.1 kPa压力下仍能保持其超疏水性。除了强大的动态超疏水性外，F-PE / SiO ₂泡沫还具有独特的分级纳米纳米结构和稳定吸附的纳米二氧化硅颗粒，因此在乙醇中对刀刮擦，胶带剥离，弯曲扭曲和超声处理具有出色的机械耐久性。令人印象深刻的是，F-PE / SiO ₂泡沫在磨损损坏后仍保持超疏水性，直到所有厚度都被磨损为止，这在实际应用中可能具有优势。另外，该F-PE / SiO ₂ 泡沫还表现出优异的抗湿，自洁和防结冰性能，使得该产品在应用于冰箱的油水分离和保温材料时，可以有效减少由于表面污染，结冰和其他自然因素造成的损害。