Cooperation in modern society is based on mutual trust and reputation information can well reflect people's social image. Good social norms encourage people to cooperate with high-reputation (or called ‘good’) individuals and severely punish those who defect ‘good’ individuals. However, the existing research lacks a unified criterion of how to evaluate the behavior when interacting with low-reputation (or called ‘bad’) people. Based on public goods games, we focus on exploring second-order social norms that can improve the evolution of cooperation in this study. Parameters to control the reward and punishment intensity through increasing or decreasing one’s reputation when interacting with ‘bad’ individuals are introduced. Simulation results show that this reward and punishment mechanism through reputation can effectively promote the evolution of cooperation in both well-mixed and latticed populations. Under certain high-reputation threshold environments, a well-mixed population...

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如何评估一个人对“坏”个人的行为？探索良好的社会规范，促进空间公益游戏的合作

现代社会的合作是建立在相互信任的基础上的，声誉信息可以很好地反映人们的社会形象。良好的社会规范鼓励人们与声誉卓著（或称“好”）的个人进行合作，并严惩那些背叛“好”的个人的人。但是，现有研究缺乏与低声望（或称“坏”）人互动时如何评估行为的统一标准。在公共物品博弈的基础上，我们专注于探索可改善合作研究进展的二阶社会规范。引入了与“坏”个人互动时通过增加或减少声誉来控制奖励和惩罚强度的参数。仿真结果表明，这种通过声誉的奖惩机制可以有效地促进良性和有序人口中合作的发展。在某些具有较高声誉的阈值环境下，混合人口...