Identification and Quantification of Chemical Forms of Cu and Zn in MSWI Ashes Using XANES,Energy & Fuels

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Identification and Quantification of Chemical Forms of Cu and Zn in MSWI Ashes Using XANES
Energy & Fuels ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-23 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c02226
Jenny Rissler _{1,

2} , Konstantin Klementiev ₃ , Jonas Dahl ₄ , Britt-Marie Steenari ₅ , Mar Edo ₄

Affiliation

Incineration is in many countries a common treatment method for municipal solid waste, and utilization of the ash residues has attracted significant interest. The bottom ash is best suited as a secondary construction material, whereas the fly ash is being investigated as a secondary raw material for recovery of, for example, Zn, Cu, and salts. For both types of application, knowledge about the chemical speciation of Zn and Cu in the ashes is valuable. The present work focuses on identifying and quantifying the chemical species of Zn and Cu in 12 samples of fly ash and bottom ash from three waste-to-energy plants using X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). The XANES spectra of the ash samples showed similar distinctive features, and both in the bottom and fly ash samples, the same chemical forms were identified but in various ratios. Cu and Zn occurred in several chemical forms, with typically 5–7 forms present in the same sample. For Cu, the XANES spectra of the fly ash samples were nearly identical, indicating very similar chemical speciation (same chemical forms and similar ratios). Cu was found to exist in various oxide, hydroxide, chloride, silicate, and metallic forms. The most commonly occurring Zn compounds were the aluminate, ferrite, silicate, and oxide along with chloride, basic carbonate (hydrozincite), and occasionally metallic forms, probably alloyed with Cu in brass. Cu occurred in different oxidation states from zero to +II, with a higher prevalence of the lower oxidation states in bottom ash than in fly ash. Zn occurred mainly in oxidation state +II in all ashes analyzed. Finally, we showed that during outdoor storage of bottom ash, levels of Cu and Zn hydroxycarbonates were increased compared to fresh bottom ash. This carbonate formation aims to make Cu and Zn less leachable.

中文翻译：

利用XANES鉴定和定量MSWI灰中Cu和Zn的化学形式

在许多国家，焚烧是城市生活垃圾的一种常见处理方法，灰渣的利用引起了人们的极大兴趣。底灰最适合用作辅助建筑材料，而粉煤灰正作为辅助原料进行研究，以回收例如Zn，Cu和盐。对于这两种类型的应用，了解灰中Zn和Cu的化学形态都是有价值的。本工作着重于利用X射线吸收近边结构（XANES）识别和量化来自三个垃圾发电厂的12个粉煤灰和底灰样品中Zn和Cu的化学物种。烟灰样品的XANES光谱显示出相似的独特特征，在底灰和粉煤灰样品中，都可以识别出相同的化学形式，但比率不同。铜和锌以几种化学形式存在，同一样品中通常存在5-7种形式。对于铜，粉煤灰样品的XANES光谱几乎相同，表明化学形态非常相似（相同的化学形式和相似的比率）。发现铜以各种氧化物，氢氧化物，氯化物，硅酸盐和金属形式存在。最常见的锌化合物是铝酸盐，铁酸盐，硅酸盐和氧化物，以及氯化物，碱式碳酸盐（水锌矿）和偶尔的金属形式，可能与黄铜中的铜形成合金。Cu在从零到+ II的不同氧化态下发生，与粉煤灰相比，底灰中较低的氧化态盛行。在所有分析的灰中，Zn主要以氧化态+ II的形式出现。最后，我们表明在户外储存底灰时，与新鲜底灰相比，Cu和Zn羟基碳酸盐的含量增加了。这种碳酸盐的形成旨在使铜和锌的可浸出性降低。

更新日期：2020-11-19

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