We observe and analyze formation, decay, and subsequent regeneration of ring-shaped clusters of (2+1)-dimensional spatial solitons (filaments) in a medium with cubic-quintic (focusing-defocusing) self-interaction and strong dissipative nonlinearity. The cluster of filaments, which remains stable over $\approx 17.5$ Rayleigh lengths, is produced by the azimuthal modulational instability from a parent ring-shaped beam with embedded vorticity $l=1$. In the course of still longer propagation, the stability of the soliton cluster is lost under the action of nonlinear losses. The annular cluster is then spontaneously regenerated due to power transfer from the reservoir provided by the unsplit part of the parent vortex ring. Thus, a secondary interval of the robust propagation of the regenerated cluster is identified. The experiments use a laser beam (at wavelength 800 nm), built of pulses with temporal duration 150 fs, at the repetition rate of 1 kHz, propagating in a cell filled by liquid carbon disulfide. Numerical calculations, based on a modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation which includes the cubic-quintic refractive terms and nonlinear losses, provide results in close agreement with the experimental findings.

中文翻译：

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有损立方五次光学介质中环形孤子团簇的产生，衰变和再生的观察和分析

我们观察和分析在具有立方五次（聚焦-散焦）自作用和强耗散非线性的介质中，（2 + 1）维空间孤子（细丝）的环形簇的形成，衰减和随后的再生。长丝簇，在整个过程中保持稳定$\approx 17.5$ 瑞利长度是由具有嵌入式涡度的母环形光束的方位调制不稳定性产生的 $升=\mathrm{1个}$。在更长的传播过程中，孤子团簇的稳定性在非线性损失的作用下丧失。然后，由于从母涡旋环的未裂开部分提供的储层中进行了动力传递，环状簇自发地再生。因此，确定了再生簇的健壮传播的次要间隔。实验使用激光束（波长为800 nm），该激光束由时间持续时间为150 fs的脉冲构成，重复频率为1 kHz，并在由液态二硫化碳填充的电池中传播。基于改进的非线性Schrödinger方程（包括立方五次屈光项和非线性损耗）进行的数值计算得出的结果与实验结果非常吻合。