The present study evaluated the efficiency of a high rate algal pond (HRAP) at pilot scale to remove pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from urban wastewater, including UV-filters and parabens (10), benzotriazoles (4), antibiotics (15), anti-inflammatories (3) and other pharmaceuticals (3). A total of 35 compounds were targeted, of which 21 were detected in the influent wastewater to the HRAP. Removals (RE%) for pharmaceuticals were variable, with efficient eliminations for atenolol (84%) and sulfathiazole (100%), whereas the anti-inflammatories naproxen and ketoprofen were only partially removed <50%. Benzotriazoles showed elimination rates similar to those of conventional WWTPs, with RE% ranging from no elimination to 51% for the UV filter benzophenone-3 (BP3) and 100% for 4-methylbenzilidenecamphor (4MBC). Hazard quotients (HQs) were estimated for those compounds not fully eliminated in the HRAP, as well as the cumulative ecotoxicity in the resulting effluent. The majority of the compounds yielded HQs < 0.1, meaning that no environmental risk would be derived from their discharge. Overall, these results clearly indicate that HRAPs are a reliable, green and cost-effective alternative to intensive wastewater treatment, yielding promising results removing these contaminants.

中文翻译：

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紫外线过滤剂、紫外线阻滞剂和药物在处理城市废水的高速藻池中的行为

本研究评估了中试规模的高效藻池 (HRAP) 从城市废水中去除药物和个人护理产品 (PPCP) 的效率，包括紫外线过滤剂和对羟基苯甲酸酯 (10)、苯并三唑 (4)、抗生素 (15 ）、消炎药（3）和其他药物（3）。总共有 35 种化合物作为目标，其中 21 种在进入 HRAP 的废水中检测到。药物的去除率 (RE%) 是可变的，阿替洛尔 (84%) 和磺胺噻唑 (100%) 的有效去除率，而抗炎药萘普生和酮洛芬仅部分去除 <50%。苯并三唑显示出与传统污水处理厂相似的消除率，RE% 范围从无消除到紫外线过滤器二苯甲酮 3 (BP3) 的 51% 和 4-甲基苯并二烯樟脑 (4MBC) 的 100%。对那些在 HRAP 中没有完全消除的化合物以及由此产生的流出物中的累积生态毒性进行了评估。大多数化合物的 HQ < 0.1，这意味着它们的排放不会产生环境风险。总体而言，这些结果清楚地表明 HRAP 是一种可靠、绿色且具有成本效益的替代强化废水处理的方法，在去除这些污染物方面取得了可喜的成果。