The digestion of flaxseed polysaccharides (FSP) in simulated saliva, gastric and small intestine conditions was assessed, as well as in vitro fermentation of FSP by human gut microbiota. FSP was not degraded in the simulated digestive systems (there was no change in molecular weight or content of reducing sugars), indicating that ingested FSP would reach the large intestine intact. Changes in carbohydrate content, reducing sugars and culture pH suggested that FSP could be broken down and used by gut microbiota. FSP modulated the composition and structure of the gut microbiota by altering the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and increasing the relative abundances of Prevotella, Phascolarctobacterium, Clostridium and Megamonas, which can degrade polysaccharides. Meanwhile, FSP fermentation increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids, especially propionic and butyric acids. Our results indicate that FSP might be developed as a functional food that benefits gut health.

中文翻译：

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人类粪便微生物对亚麻籽多糖的体外消化和发酵


评估了亚麻籽多糖 (FSP) 在模拟唾液、胃和小肠条件下的消化情况，以及人类肠道微生物群对 FSP 的体外发酵情况。 FSP在模拟消化系统中没有被降解（分子量或还原糖含量没有变化），表明摄入的FSP会完整地到达大肠。碳水化合物含量、还原糖和培养物 pH 值的变化表明 FSP 可以被肠道微生物群分解和利用。 FSP 通过改变厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门的比例并增加普雷沃氏菌属、管状杆菌属、梭菌属和巨单胞菌属（可降解多糖）的相对丰度来调节肠道微生物群的组成和结构。同时，FSP发酵增加了短链脂肪酸的浓度，特别是丙酸和丁酸。我们的结果表明，FSP 可能被开发为一种有益于肠道健康的功能性食品。