Discotic liquid crystals (DLCs) are one-dimensional organic semiconducting materials and represent new low cost, rejuvenating materials in optoelectronics. The development of novel supramolecular materials based on liquid crystals (LCs) hybridized with various metallic, semiconducting, and carbon-based materials with optimized functionalities on the nanometer scale attracted much attention in liquid crystal nanoscience. The ability to combine supramolecular liquid crystalline chemistry with nanoscience is very attractive for several reasons. This review focuses on our recent advances in discotic liquid crystal nanoscience. Driven by the self-assembly of both liquid crystals and nanostructures, LC–nanomaterial nanocomposites (LC–NCs) are spontaneously formed through molecular self-organization at the nanometer scale. The careful design of different LC–NCs through enhanced LC properties opened a new era for organic electronics. A brief introduction to LCs is presented with emphasis on DLCs, which is followed by recent developments in the self-assembly of various nanostructures in discotics. We focus on how nanostructures can be self-assembled in such supramolecular materials so that self-organizing functional systems of discotics can be created with tuned physical properties, such as the thermal stability, optoelectronic and dielectric parameters, and response time, in LCs. We conclude this review by discussing the further development of nanoscience with LCs and applications in organic electronics. Our recent studies on how nanostructures can be self-assembled in discotic liquid crystals to create self-organizing functional systems of discotics with tuned physical properties are reviewed. In the first part of the article, charge carrier and semiconducting properties of discotic liquid crystals in the form of 1-D molecular wires are described. The second part of this report summarized our recent results on self-assembly of Ag, Au, Cu, and graphene nanoparticles, carbon dots, CdTe and CdSe quantum dots, gold nanorods, CdS nanoribbons, silver nanodisks, and graphene sheets in discotics.

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盘状液晶的新兴纳米科学

盘状液晶 (DLC) 是一维有机半导体材料，代表了光电子学中新的低成本、振兴材料。基于液晶 (LC) 的新型超分子材料的开发与各种金属、半导体和碳基材料在纳米尺度上具有优化的功能，引起了液晶纳米科学的广泛关注。由于几个原因，将超分子液晶化学与纳米科学相结合的能力非常有吸引力。本综述重点介绍我们在盘状液晶纳米科学方面的最新进展。在液晶和纳米结构的自组装驱动下，LC-纳米材料纳米复合材料（LC-NCs）通过纳米尺度的分子自组织自发形成。通过增强 LC 特性对不同 LC-NC 的精心设计开启了有机电子学的新时代。对 LC 进行了简要介绍，重点介绍了 DLC，随后是盘状材料中各种纳米结构自组装的最新进展。我们专注于如何在这种超分子材料中自组装纳米结构，从而可以在 LC 中创建具有调谐物理特性（例如热稳定性、光电和介电参数以及响应时间）的自组织功能系统。我们通过讨论纳米科学与 LC 的进一步发展以及在有机电子学中的应用来结束本次审查。回顾了我们最近关于如何在盘状液晶中自组装纳米结构以创建具有调谐物理特性的盘状液晶的自组织功能系统的研究。在文章的第一部分，描述了以一维分子线形式存在的盘状液晶的电荷载流子和半导体特性。本报告的第二部分总结了我们最近在银、金、铜和石墨烯纳米粒子、碳点、CdTe 和 CdSe 量子点、金纳米棒、CdS 纳米带、银纳米盘和石墨烯片中自组装的最新结果。