With the advent of medical cannabis usage globally, there has been a renewed interest in exploring the chemical diversity of this unique plant. Cannabis produces hundreds of unique phytocannabinoids, which not only have diverse chemical structures but also a range of cellular and molecular actions, interesting pharmacological properties, and biological actions. In addition, it produces other flavonoids, stilbenoids, and terpenes that have been variably described as conferring additional or so-called entourage effects to whole-plant extracts when used in therapeutic settings. This review explores this phytochemical diversity in relation to specific bioactivity ascribed to phytocannabinoids as neuroprotective agents. It outlines emergent evidence for the potential for selected phytocannabinoids and other cannabis phytochemicals to mitigate factors such as inflammation and oxidative stress as drivers of neurotoxicity, in addition to focusing on specific interactions with pathological misfolding proteins, such as amyloid β, associated with major forms of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.

随着全球医用大麻的出现，人们对探索这种独特植物的化学多样性有了新的兴趣。大麻产生数百种独特的植物大麻素，它们不仅具有多种化学结构，而且具有一系列的细胞和分子作用，有趣的药理特性和生物学作用。此外，它还可以产生其他类黄酮，类贝类化合物和萜烯，这些类黄酮在治疗环境中使用时会被赋予整体植物提取物额外的或所谓的随行效应。这篇综述探讨了与植物大麻素作为神经保护剂的特定生物活性相关的植物化学多样性。