Replicas of an aspect of an experienced event can serve as effective reminders, yet little is known about the neural basis of such reminding effects. Here we examined the neural activity underlying the memory‐enhancing effect of reminders 1 week after encoding of naturalistic film clip events. We used fMRI to determine differences in network activity associated with recently reactivated memories relative to comparably aged, non‐reactivated memories. Reminders were effective in facilitating overall retrieval of memory for film clips, in an all‐or‐none fashion. Prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were activated during both reminders and retrieval. Peak activation in ventro‐lateral prefrontal cortex (vPFC) preceded peak activation in the right hippocampus during the reminders. For film clips that were successfully retrieved after 7 days, pre‐retrieval reminders did not enhance the quality of the retrieved memory or the number of details retrieved, nor did they more strongly engage regions of the recollection network than did successful retrieval of a non‐reminded film clip. These results suggest that reminders prior to retrieval are an effective means of boosting retrieval of otherwise inaccessible episodic events, and that the inability to recall certain events after a delay of a week largely reflects a retrieval deficit, rather than a storage deficit for this information. The results extend other evidence that vPFC drives activation of the hippocampus to facilitate memory retrieval and scene construction, and show that this facilitation also occurs when reminder cues precede successful retrieval attempts. The time course of vPFC‐hippocampal activity during the reminder suggests that reminders may first engage schematic information meditated by vPFC followed by a recollection process mediated by the hippocampus.

中文翻译：

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提醒激活前额叶内侧颞叶皮层并减弱事件记忆的遗忘。

经验事件的一个方面的复制品可以作为有效的提醒，但人们对这种提醒效果的神经基础知之甚少。在这里，我们检查了在编码自然电影剪辑事件后 1 周提醒记忆增强效果的神经活动。我们使用 fMRI 来确定与最近重新激活的记忆相关的网络活动与相对老化的未重新激活的记忆的差异。提醒可以有效地以全有或全无的方式促进对电影剪辑的整体记忆检索。前额叶皮层和海马体在提醒和检索过程中都被激活。在提醒期间，腹外侧前额叶皮层 (vPFC) 的峰值激活先于右侧海马体的峰值激活。对于7天后成功取回的影片片段，检索前的提醒并没有提高检索到的记忆的质量或检索到的细节的数量，也没有比成功检索一个非提醒的电影剪辑更强烈地参与回忆网络的区域。这些结果表明，在检索之前的提醒是促进对其他无法访问的情节事件的检索的有效手段，并且在延迟一周后无法回忆某些事件在很大程度上反映了检索缺陷，而不是该信息的存储缺陷。结果扩展了 vPFC 驱动海马体激活以促进记忆检索和场景构建的其他证据，并表明当提醒线索先于成功检索尝试时，也会发生这种促进作用。