Abstract A pilot-scale biological pre-treatment reactor filled with porous polyurethanes carriers (BioNET) was operated over 500 days under different hydraulic retention times (HRT) (1.3 to 0.5 h) to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of ammonia removal for a slightly contaminated source water. Under 0.5 h HRT, 84 % nitrification efficiency and 0.42 kg-N/m3/day ammonia removal rate could be achieved with influent ammonia concentration of 10.4 mg N/L. Results of batch tests indicated that the effect of aeration on nitrification of BioNET was more significant than temperature and components in raw water. Specific ammonia oxidization rate for batches with aeration were 4.5–9.1 times higher than those without aeration. In addition, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification were observed with batch tests using BioNET obtained from the reactor. Ammonia monooxygenase subunit A (amoA) gene of ammonia oxidizing archaea and bacteria (AOA and AOB) and 16S rRNA gene of total bacteria, Nitrospira, and Nitrobacter were quantified using real time quantification polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). AOB and Nitrospira were dominant in the bioreactor. Higher nitrification efficiency (>60 %) could be achieved at AOB abundance higher than 1.25 × 108 copy/BioNET and AOB/TB higher than 1.2. This study demonstrated that the BioNET system can be a promising technology for removing ammonia from slightly polluted river water at a low HRT condition.

中文翻译：

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用于饮用水源轻度污染河流除氨的生物预处理系统

摘要 一个装有多孔聚氨酯载体 (BioNET) 的中试生物预处理反应器在不同水力停留时间 (HRT)（1.3 至 0.5 小时）下运行 500 多天，以评估对轻微污染的氨去除的可行性和效率。源水。在 0.5 小时 HRT 下，进水氨浓度为 10.4 mg N/L 时，硝化效率为 84%，氨去除率为 0.42 kg-N/m3/天。批量试验结果表明，曝气对BioNET硝化作用的影响比原水中的温度和成分更显着。曝气批次的比氨氧化率比不曝气批次高 4.5-9.1 倍。此外，使用从反应器获得的 BioNET 通过批量测试观察到同步硝化和反硝化。使用实时定量聚合酶链反应 (qPCR) 对氨氧化古细菌和细菌（AOA 和 AOB）的氨单加氧酶亚基 A (amoA) 基因和总细菌、硝化螺旋体和硝化细菌的 16S rRNA 基因进行量化。AOB 和 Nitrospira 在生物反应器中占主导地位。当 AOB 丰度高于 1.25 × 108 copy/BioNET 和 AOB/TB 高于 1.2 时，可以获得更高的硝化效率（>60%）。这项研究表明，BioNET 系统是一种在低 HRT 条件下从轻度污染的河水中去除氨的有前途的技术。AOB 和 Nitrospira 在生物反应器中占主导地位。当 AOB 丰度高于 1.25 × 108 copy/BioNET 和 AOB/TB 高于 1.2 时，可以获得更高的硝化效率（>60%）。这项研究表明，BioNET 系统是一种在低 HRT 条件下从轻度污染的河水中去除氨的有前途的技术。AOB 和 Nitrospira 在生物反应器中占主导地位。当 AOB 丰度高于 1.25 × 108 copy/BioNET 和 AOB/TB 高于 1.2 时，可以获得更高的硝化效率（>60%）。这项研究表明，BioNET 系统是一种在低 HRT 条件下从轻度污染的河水中去除氨的有前途的技术。