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Comparison of ionospheric reflection heights for LEMPs produced by lightning return strokes of different polarity
Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2020.105426
Adonis F.R. Leal , Vladimir A. Rakov

Abstract Apparent ionospheric reflection heights estimated using electric field waveforms of negative and positive cloud-to-ground lightning return strokes (-CGs and +CGs) that occurred during the same thunderstorms have been compared. We analyzed electric field waveforms of 101 -CGs and 74 +CGs that were recorded in August 2016 in Florida. For daytime conditions, the mean ionospheric reflection height for lightning electromagnetic pulses (LEMPs) produced by + CGs is larger than that for LEMPs produced by -CGs for either first or subsequent strokes, although the difference is statistically significant only for subsequent strokes. For nighttime conditions, the trend is the same, but the sample sizes are too small to draw meaningful conclusions. For daytime conditions, the mean ionospheric reflection height for subsequent strokes in -CGs is smaller than that for first strokes, while for + CGs the mean reflection heights for first and subsequent strokes are essentially the same. This disparity is related to the fact that subsequent strokes in –CGs usually develop in the channel of the first stroke, while subsequent strokes in +CGs usually form new terminations on ground and, hence, are similar to first strokes. In our dataset, NLDN-reported peak currents for + CGs tend to be higher than for –CGs for both daytime and nighttime conditions and for either first or subsequent strokes.

中文翻译:

不同极性闪电回击产生的LEMP电离层反射高度比较

摘要 比较了使用发生在同一雷暴期间的负和正云对地闪电回击(-CGs 和 +CGs)的电场波形估计的电离层表观反射高度。我们分析了 2016 年 8 月在佛罗里达州记录的 101 个 -CG 和 74 个 +CG 的电场波形。对于白天条件,+CGs 产生的闪电电磁脉冲 (LEMPs) 的平均电离层反射高度大于 -CGs 产生的 LEMPs,无论是第一次还是随后的雷击,尽管差异仅在随后的雷击中具有统计学意义。对于夜间条件,趋势相同,但样本量太小,无法得出有意义的结论。对于白天条件,-CGs中后续笔划的平均电离层反射高度小于第一笔划的平均电离层反射高度,而对于+CGs,第一笔和后续笔划的平均反射高度基本相同。这种差异与以下事实有关:-CG 中的后续笔划通常在第一个笔划的通道中发展,而 +CG 中的后续笔划通常在地面上形成新的终止,因此与第一笔划相似。在我们的数据集中,NLDN 报告的 + CG 的峰值电流往往高于 -CG 在白天和夜间条件下以及第一次或后续中风的峰值电流。这种差异与以下事实有关:-CG 中的后续笔划通常在第一个笔划的通道中发展,而 +CG 中的后续笔划通常在地面上形成新的终止点,因此类似于第一笔划。在我们的数据集中,NLDN 报告的 + CG 的峰值电流往往高于 -CG 在白天和夜间条件下以及第一次或后续中风的峰值电流。这种差异与以下事实有关:-CG 中的后续笔划通常在第一个笔划的通道中发展,而 +CG 中的后续笔划通常在地面上形成新的终止点,因此类似于第一笔划。在我们的数据集中,NLDN 报告的 + CG 的峰值电流往往高于 -CG 在白天和夜间条件下以及第一次或后续中风的峰值电流。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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