Abstract

We study constraints on the population of neutrino emitting blazars imposed by the absence of doublets in astrophysical muon neutrino signal and z \( \simeq \) 0.3 redshift of nearest identified neutrino-emitting blazar (an order of magnitude further away than the nearest γ-ray emitting blazar). We show that in spite of the absence of correlation of neutrino arrival directions with positions of gamma-ray emitting blazars, cumulative blazar flux could explain most of astrophysical neutrino flux measured in muon neutrino channel. This is possible if the population of neutrino emitting blazars has experienced rapid positive evolution at least as (1 + z)⁵ at z \( \lesssim \) 1. Such a model avoids previously derived constraint on the low level of blazar contribution to extragalactic neutrino flux because gamma-ray and neutrino fluxes are dominated by different sets of blazars. Rapid evolution of neutrino emitting blazars could be explained by the fact that only rapidly evolving sub-population of blazars, which can include parts of Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar and bright BL Lac populations, are efficient neutrino sources, although their neutrino luminosity has to be systematically lower than the γ-ray luminosity.

中文翻译：

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不断发展的布拉扎尔种群河外中微子通量的自洽模型

摘要

我们研究了天体物理学家μ中微子信号中不存在二重峰和z \（\ simeq \） 0.3双峰所引起的中微子发射blazar种群的约束，最近确定的中微子发射的blazar（比最近的γ-距离远一个数量级）射线发射的blazar）。我们表明，尽管中微子的到达方向与发射γ射线的blazar位置之间没有相关性，但累积的blazar通量可以解释在μon中微子通道中测得的大部分天体中微子通量。如果发出中微子的blazar群体经历了快速的正向进化，则至少有这样的可能性，那就是至少在z \（\ lesssim \）处为（1 + z）⁵ 1.由于伽马射线和中微子通量由不同类型的易爆物控制，因此该模型避免了先前得出的对易爆物对银河外中微子通量影响程度较低的限制。中微子发射blazar的快速进化可以用以下事实来解释：尽管必须系统地对中微子的光度进行分析，但只有快速演化的blazar种群（包括平面频谱射电类星体和明亮的BL Lac人群）才是有效的中微子源。低于γ射线的光度。