Abstract—

Concurrent with the Chernobyl accident along the explosions caused by nuclear tests and advances in nuclear sciences, researchers around the world have been trying to examine the potential of fallout radionuclides for accurate estimation of soil erosion and redistribution. The inadequacy of the existence of radionuclides and the complexity of factors affecting the amount of these elements in soil are among the important limiting factors in usage of radionuclide materials in soil erosion studies. As the most widely used radionuclides in soil erosion studies, ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb come from two different origins of anthropogenic and geogenic, respectively. Since the ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb_excess reach the soil surface mainly through precipitation, the climate and latitude play important roles on the existence of radionuclides in the soil. Due to the location of the point sources of ¹³⁷Cs, the coordinates of the site under consideration and the wind regimes can also be very important to affect the precipitation and consequently, the inventories of ¹³⁷Cs. Awareness of the range of possible changes of ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb_excess in undisturbed soil is an important step to improve and validate soil erosion estimation results. Accordingly, the present research reviews the data of the mean annual precipitation and inventory of ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb_excess in undisturbed soil and presents some regression equations for different climates and latitudinal zones of the world. Based on the results, the inventory of ¹³⁷Cs in undisturbed soil can be estimated statistically acceptable only in two latitudinal zones of 16°–25° N and 26°–35° N. While due to the small amount of data and the impossibility of data separation for different zones and climates, the inventory of ²¹⁰Pb_excess can be estimated statistically acceptable given all the data without considering the latitudinal zones. The estimations of the inventories of ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb_excess in undisturbed soil is statistically acceptable in two temperate and continental climates and only temperate climate, respectively.

中文翻译：

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年平均降水量与世界各地未受干扰土壤中放射性核素清单（137 Cs和210 Pb过量）的关系：回顾

摘要-

伴随着核试验和核科学进步引发的切尔诺贝利事故，世界各地的研究人员一直在尝试检验放射性核素的潜力，以准确估算土壤侵蚀和再分布。在土壤侵蚀研究中使用放射性核素材料的重要限制因素包括放射性核素的不足和影响土壤中这些元素含量的因素的复杂性。作为土壤侵蚀研究中使用最广泛的放射性核素，¹³⁷ Cs和²¹⁰ Pb分别来自人为和地质两个不同的来源。由于¹³⁷ Cs和²¹⁰ Pb_过量主要通过降水到达土壤表面，气候和纬度对土壤中放射性核素的存在起着重要作用。由于¹³⁷ Cs的点源位置，正在考虑的站点坐标和风况对于影响降水以及¹³⁷ Cs的清单也可能非常重要。意识到未扰动土壤中¹³⁷ Cs和²¹⁰ Pb_过量的可能变化范围是改善和验证土壤侵蚀估算结果的重要步骤。因此，本研究回顾了¹³⁷ Cs和²¹⁰ Pb的年平均降水量和清单数据。在未受干扰的土壤中_过量，并提出了针对世界不同气候和纬度地区的一些回归方程。根据结果​​，仅在两个纬度为16°–25°N和26°–35°N的纬度带上，未受干扰的土壤中¹³⁷ Cs的存量可以被统计地接受。尽管如此，由于数据量少且不可能根据不同地区和气候的数据分离，在不考虑纬度带的情况下，考虑到所有数据，可以估算出²¹⁰ Pb_过量的存量在统计上是可以接受的。¹³⁷ Cs和²¹⁰ Pb_过量库存的估算 从统计学上说，在两种温带和大陆性气候以及仅温带气候中，未受干扰的土壤中的碳在统计学上是可接受的。