System of interest (SoI) failures can sometimes be traced to an unexpected behavior occurring within another system that is a member of the system of systems (SoS) with the SoI. This article presents a method for use when designing an SoI that helps to analyze an SoS for unexpected behaviors from existing SoS members during the SoI's conceptual functional modeling phase of system architecture. The concept of irrationality initiators—unanticipated or unexpected failure flows emitted from one system that adversely impact an SoI, which appear to be impossible or irrational to engineers developing the new system—is introduced and implemented in a quantitative risk analysis method. The method is implemented in the failure flow identification and propagation framework to yield a probability distribution of failure paths through an SoI in the SoS. An example of a network of autonomous vehicles operating in a partially denied environment is presented to demonstrate the method. The method presented in this paper allows practitioners to more easily identify potential failure paths and prioritize fixing vulnerabilities in an SoI during functional modeling when significant changes can still be made with minimal impact to cost and schedule.

中文翻译：

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在系统系统中识别和分析非理性系统行为的方法

感兴趣的系统（SoI）故障有时可以追溯到另一​​个系统内发生的意外行为，该系统是具有SoI的系统（SoS）的成员。本文介绍了一种设计SoI时使用的方法，该方法有助于在SoI的系统体系结构的概念功能建模阶段分析SoS中来自现有SoS成员的意外行为。不合理性发起者的概念（从一个系统发出的意外或意外的故障流会对SoI产生不利影响，对于开发新系统的工程师来说似乎是不可能或不合理的）被引入并以定量风险分析方法实施。该方法在故障流识别和传播框架中实现，以产生通过SoS中的SoI的故障路径的概率分布。提出了在部分拒绝的环境中运行的自动驾驶汽车网络的示例，以演示该方法。本文介绍的方法使从业人员可以更轻松地识别潜在的故障路径，并在功能建模期间优先解决SoI中的漏洞，此时仍可以在不影响成本和进度的情况下进行重大更改。